Unit 6 语法Grammar 动词不定式做宾语补足语和目的状语-2023-2024学年八年级英语上册单元语法精讲精练（牛津译林版）.docx

1、班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 6 Birdwatching动词不定式做宾语补足语和目的状语（时间：60分钟，满分：100分）动词不定式作宾语补足语1.概述英语中 可以用动词不定式来说明宾语的情况，此时动词不定式在句中作宾语补足语。I asked him to buy me a rose.我让他给我买一支 玫瑰花。2.用法用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词可以归纳为下列两种情况。带to的不定式常跟带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有: tell, ask, want, would like, order, invite, get,allow, wish, encourage，advise, n

2、eed, like ，love,hate，teach等。The teacher told us to come earlier tomorrow.老师告诉我们明天早点来。不带to的不定式常跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:hear ,feel, see，watch, notice，listen to,let,have,look at, make等。(巧记为:一感、二听、三使 、四看)Let the boy go out now.让那个男孩现在出去。The boy made the baby cry.男孩弄哭了这个宝宝。Note :动词help后接不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式可以带to

3、也可以不带to。Children should help their parents to) do the housework.孩子应该帮助他们的父母做家务。动词不定式的否定形式是直接在原来的不定式前面加not。My father asked me not to watch TV too much.爸爸叫我不要看太多电视。动词不定式作目的状语我们可以用动词不定式表示某一动作或状态的目的，即动词不定式作目的状语。如：I had to work hard to earn money. 我不得不努力工作赚钱。He stayed at home to finish his homework.他留在家完

4、成作业。Mrs Wang went to Shanghai to see her daughter.(目的) 王太太去上海看她女儿。为了使目的意义更加清楚或表示强调意义时，还可以在前面加in order to。如：She is running quickly in order to catch the train. 为了赶火车，她正飞快地跑着。由in order to引导的目的状语，既可以置于句尾，也可以置于句首。如：They started early in order to get there in time. = In order to get there in time, they s

5、tarted early.为了及时赶到那里，他们很早就出发了。Some people want to make the wetlands smaller in order to have more space for farms and buildings.=In order to have more space for farms and buildings, some people want to make the wetlands smaller.一、 单项选择(本大题共50小题，每小题2分，共100分)1Gina has a bad flu, and it makes her _ fo

6、r two days.ArestBto restCrestedDresting2Our teacher often tells us _ on the road because its dangerous.AplayBdont playCto playDnot to play3The teacher advised me _ some English newspapers and magazines.AreadBreadsCto readDreading4What she said makes him _ very happy.Ato feelBfeelsCfeelDfeeling5They

7、often choose Alice _ them in summer holidays because she is good at cooking.Acooks forBcook toCto cook toDto cook for6Our teacher often asks us _ English films every week.AwatchedBwatchingCto watchDwatch7Evans caught a cold. His friend advised him _ more water.AdrinkBdrankCto drinkDdrinking8Parents

8、often expect their children _ all the things that they couldnt do in the past.AdidBdoingCto doDdo9The spirit of Chinese Womens Volleyball Team tells us _ when difficulties come.Adont give upBnot to give upCnot giving upDnot give up10Her mom always tells her _ much milk, because its good for her heal

9、th.Ato haveBnot to haveCdont have11My mon doesnt want me _ too much time _ TV, because its bad for my eyes.Ato spend; watchingBto spend; to watchCspending; watchingDspending; to watch12Our teacher often tells us _ in the river. Its dangerous.Adont swimBnot swimCnot to swim13My Mum always warns my Da

10、d _ after drinking.Ato driveBnot to driveCdont drive14Jims friend likes to _ funny jokes and always makes him _.Atell; laughsBtalk; laughCtalk; to laughDtell; laugh15The teacher asked us _ our problems with each other.AdiscussBto discussCdiscussingDdiscussed16Jeffs father was unhealthy. So the docto

11、r advised him _ too often.Ato smokeBsmokingCnot to smokeDnot smoking17My teacher often encourages me _ more things in everyday life.AlearnedBlearningClearnDto learn18Father told me _ the paintits still wet.Ato not touchBdont touchCnot to touchDno touching19Mobile payment allows us _ things without c

12、ash.Ato buyBbuyCbuying20Its cold outside. Jenny asked me _ the window.AcloseBto closeCclosingDclosed21Try your best _ with your parents and they will understand your decision.Ato playBtalkCto talkDplay22The king invited many great doctors _ his problem. Unluckily, none could help him.AdecidingBto de

13、cideCsolvingDto solve23The parents buy Tom a lot of toys because they wish their son _ a happy childhood（童年）.AhaveBhasChavingDto have24 Can you give me some _ about exercise? Certainly. I advise you _ for half an hour every morning.Aadvices, to runBadvice, to runCadvice, runningDadvices, running25Bo

14、ys and girls, good luck and expect you _ good grades on your new journey!AcuttingBto cutCgettingDto get26I often volunteer my time _others.AhelpBwill helpCto helpDhelping27She is often seen _ basketball on the playground.AplayBto playCplaysDplaying 28At the party, Lucy _ like a Mickey Mouse to make

15、us _.Adressed up, laughBdressed up, to laughCdressed on, laughDdressed on, to laugh29In order _ late for the class, he gets up early in the morning. Ato beBnot to beCdont to beDdont be30As a volunteer, the girl wants to visit the sick kids in the hospital _ them up.AcheerBcheeredCcheeringDto cheer31

16、_ your English, you must practice reading it every day.AImproveBImprovingCTo improvingDTo improve32_ people, especially the elderly to go up and down easily, our government is putting in lifts in the old buildings of some communities.AHelpBHelpingCTo helpDHelps33We must do everything we can _ water

17、and paper.AsaveBsavedCsavingDto save34_, you need to give all you have and try your best.ABeing a winnerBTo be a winnerCBe a winnerDHaving been a winner35Why did John go to school so early? _ get a good seat in the class.ASo thatBIn order thatCIn order toDAs a result36_ a better student, the boy pro

18、mised _ hard, but its difficult to keep it.ABecoming; studyingBBecoming; to studyCTo become; to studyDTo become; studying37What should we do _ us stronger?AmadeBmakingCto makeDmakes38I often read novels _ myself in my spare time.AenjoyBto enjoyingCto enjoyDenjoyed39My fathers new mobile phone can be

19、 used _ emails. Is he used _ on such a small screen?Ato send, to writeBto send, to writingCfor sending, to writeDto sending, to writing40Everyone likes part-time jobs _ more money.Ato makeBmakingCmadeDmakes41Toms father was sleeping, so he entered the room quietly in order not to _.Awake up himBwake

20、 him upCwoke up himDwoke him up42We need to do morning exercises every day _ keep healthy.Aso toBsuch thatCin order toDin order that43The government has built some natural parks_ protect pandas.Ato helpBhelpChelpedDhelps44They hurried to leave _ catch the last bus.Aso thatBin order thatCin order toD

21、so to45_ more about tomorrows weather, call 121. OK,I will. Thank you.AKnowBKnowingCTo knowDKnown46Early on a sunny morning, David and his donkeys stop at a river_.AdrinkBdrinkingCdrinksDto drink47After the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, the athletes of our country went on _ for the next one.AtrainingB

22、to trainCtrainDto training48Lets go to the nearest supermarket _ some food and drinks, OK?AbuyBboughtCto buyDbuying49You can use this computer program _ a film by yourself.Abe madeBmadeCmakeDto make50He circled the date _ himself _ his mothers birthday.Ato remind, about Breminded, thatCreminding, of

23、Dto remind, that参考答案：1A【详解】句意：吉娜得了严重的流感，这让她休息了两天。考查不定式作宾语补足语。make sb do sth“使某人做某事”，省略to的不定式作宾语补足语，故选A，2D【详解】句意：我们的老师经常告诉我们不要在马路上玩，因为那很危险。考查动词的非谓语形式。根据“tells us . on the road”可知，此处是tell sb (not) to do sth“告诉某人(不)做某事”。结合“because its dangerous.”可知，此处表示否定。故选D。3C【详解】句意：老师建议我读一些英文报纸和杂志。考查非谓语动词。根据“advised

24、 me.”可知，advise sb to do sth“建议某人做某事”，因此用不定式to read。故选C。4C【详解】句意：她说的话让他感到非常开心。考查非谓语动词。make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，固定用法。故选C。5D【详解】句意：他们经常选择爱丽丝在暑假为他们做饭，因为她擅长做饭。考查非谓语动词。choose sb. to do sth.“选择某人做某事”，排除AB；cook for sb.“为某人做饭”。故选D。6C【详解】句意：我们老师经常要求我们每周看英语电影。考查动词不定式。ask sb to do“要求某人做某事”，故选C。7C【详解】句意：埃文斯感冒了。他

25、的朋友建议他多喝水。考查非谓语动词。advise sb. to do sth.意为“建议某人做某事”，故选C。8C【详解】句意：父母经常期待他们的孩子做他们过去没能做的一切事情。考查不定式结构。did过去式；doing动名词；to do不定式结构；do动词原形。根据“expect to do”期待做某事，所以横线上是不定式结构。故选C。9B【详解】句意：中国女排的精神告诉我们，遇到困难时不要放弃。考查动词不定式的用法。根据“tells us .when difficulties come.”可知，此处指告诉我们不要放弃，tell sb. not to do sth.表示“告诉某人不要做某事”，

26、动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选B。10A【详解】句意：她的妈妈总是告诉她要多喝牛奶，因为这对她的健康有好处。考查非谓语动词。根据“Her mom always tells her . much milk”可知，此处是tell sb (not) to do sth“告诉某人(不)做某事”；结合“because its good for her health.”可知，此处是告诉要多喝牛奶，用不定式作宾语补足语。故选A。11A【详解】句意：我爸爸不想让我花太多时间看电视，因为这对我的眼睛不好。考查非谓语动词。want sb. to do sth.“想要某人做某事”；spend time doing s

27、th.“花费时间做某事”。故选A。12C【详解】句意：我们的老师经常告诉我们不要在河里游泳。这很危险。考查动词不定式的否定形式。tell sb. not to do sth.“告诉某人不要做某事”，固定用法。故选C。13B【详解】句意：我的妈妈总是警告我的爸爸不要酒后驾车。考查非谓语用法。根据“My Mum always warns my Dad.after drinking.”可知，此处是动词短语warn sb. (not) to do sth.“警告某人（不要）做某事”，动词不定式作宾补，结合语义，酒后驾车是不可以的，此处应用不定式的否定形式。故选B。14D【详解】句意：吉姆的朋友喜欢讲有

28、趣的笑话，总是逗他笑。考查动词短语。tell告诉；talk谈论；laugh笑。tell jokes讲笑话，固定搭配，所以第一空用tell；make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，故第二空用动词原形laugh。故选D。15B【详解】句意：老师让我们互相讨论我们的问题。考查非谓语动词。ask sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”，固定句型。故选B。16C【详解】句意：杰夫的父亲身体不好。所以医生建议他不要经常抽烟。考查非谓语动词。advise sb (not) to do sth“建议某人（不要）做某事”，结合选项可知，吸烟是不好的，所以不要吸烟。故选C。17D【详解】句意：我

29、的老师经常鼓励我在日常生活中学习更多的东西。考查非谓语动词。encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”，故选D。18C【详解】句意：父亲叫我不要碰油漆它还是湿的。考查非谓语动词。tell sb (not) to do sth“告诉某人（不要）做某事”，故选C。19A【详解】句意：手机支付允许我们不用现金购买东西。考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。allow sb to do“允许某人做某事”，此处动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选A。20B【详解】句意：外面很冷。珍妮叫我把窗户关上。考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。ask sb to do sth“要求某人做某事”，故选B。21C【详解】句

30、意：尽量和父母谈谈，他们会理解你的决定。考查动词不定式和词义辨析。play玩；talk谈话。根据“Try your best.with your parents and they will understand your decision.”可知，尽量和父母谈谈，他们会理解你的决定；try ones best to do sth“尽某人最大的努力做某事”，故选C。22D【详解】句意：国王请了许多伟大的医生来解决他的问题。不幸的是，没有人能帮助他。考查动词辨析和动词不定式。decide决定；solve解决。根据“The king invited many great doctors.his pr

31、oblem”可知，国王请了许多伟大的医生来解决他的问题，invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”，故选D。23D【详解】句意：父母给汤姆买了很多玩具，因为他们希望儿子有一个快乐的童年。考查非谓语动词。wish sb. to do sth.“希望某人做某事”，故选D。24B【详解】句意：你能给我一些关于锻炼的建议吗？当然。我建议你每天早上跑步半小时。考查不可数名词的表达以及非谓语动词。advice是不可数名词，不能加s，排除AD；advise sb. to do sth.“建议某人做某事”。故选B。25D【详解】句意：男孩女孩们，祝你们好运，期待你们在新的旅程中取得好成绩！考

32、查非谓语动词及词义。cut切；get得到。由“good luck”可知，此处指期待取得好成绩。expect sb. to do sth.表示“期待某人做某事”，get good grades 表示“取得好成绩”，固定短语。故选D。26C【详解】句意：我经常志愿抽出时间帮助他人。考查非谓语动词。volunteer ones time to do sth“花费时间志愿做某事”，因此空格处填to help。故选C。 27B【详解】句意：人们经常看到她在操场上打篮球。考查被动语态。play玩；to play玩，动词不定式；plays玩，动词三单；playing玩，动名词或现在分词。see sb. do

33、 sth.“看见某人做某事”，表示做某事的全过程；see sb. doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”。根据“She is often seen.basketball on the playground.”可知，此处表示看见打篮球的全过程，用see sb. do sth.，后接不带to的不定式作宾语；此处是被动语态，表示“她”被看到，转为被动语态时，要还原to。故选B。28A【详解】句意：在聚会上，露西打扮得像米老鼠，逗我们笑。考查动词短语以及非谓语动词。dress up like“打扮成”，固定用法；make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”。故选A。29B【详解】句意：为了上课

34、不迟到，他早上起得很早。考查非谓语动词。in order (not) to do sth“为了（不）做某事”，动词不定式作目的状语，根据“he gets up early in the morning”可知，早起是为了不迟到，故选B。30D【详解】句意：作为一名志愿者，这个女孩想看望医院里生病的孩子，让他们振作起来。考查非谓语动词。根据“the girl wants to visit the sick kids in the hospital.them up.”可知，女孩去医院看望生病的孩子是为了让他们振奋起来，应用动词不定式表示目的。故选D。31D【详解】句意：为了提高你的英语，你必须每天练

35、习阅读。考查非谓语。空处表示目的，此处应用不定式作目的状语，故选D。32C【详解】句意：为了帮助人们，特别是老年人方便地上下，我们的政府正在一些社区的旧建筑中安装电梯。考查非谓语。根据“our government is putting in lifts in the old buildings of some communities.”可知，政府正在一些社区的旧建筑中安装电梯，是为了帮助人们上下，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故选C。33D【详解】句意：我们必须做我们能做的一切来节约水和纸张。考查不定式作目的状语。由“We must do everything we can”可知，做一切的目的是

36、节约水和纸张，应用不定式作目的状语。故选C。34B【详解】句意：要想成为赢家，你需要付出你所拥有的一切并尽你所能。考查非谓语动词。付出所有是为了成为赢家，空处用动词不定式作目的状语。故选B。35C【详解】句意：约翰为什么这么早去上学？为了在班上得到一个好座位。考查介词短语。So that为了，引导目的状语从句；In order that为了，引导目的状语从句；In order to为了，后面接动词原形，引导目的状语；As a result结果是。根据“. get a good seat”可知，目的是得到一个好座位，且get是动词原形。故选C。36C【详解】句意：为了成为一名更好的学生，这个男孩

37、答应要努力学习，但很难坚持下去。考查动词不定式。根据“.a better student, the boy promised.hard, but its difficult to keep it.”可知，第一处要用to do不定式表目的；promise to do sth.“承诺做某事”，故选C。37C【详解】句意：我们应该做些什么来使我们更强大呢？考查非谓语动词。made使得，过去式；making现在分词；to make动词不定式；makes动词三单。根据“What should we do.us stronger”可知，空格处表目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故选C。38C【详解】句意：我

38、经常在业余时间读小说来享受生活。考查非谓语动词。根据“I often read novels myself”可知，读小说的目的是为了享受生活，用动词不定式作目的状语，故选C。39B【详解】句意： 我爸爸的新手机可以用来发电子邮件。他习惯在这么小的屏幕上写字吗？考查动词非谓语。be used to do sth“被用来做某事”，所以第一空填to send；be used to doing sth“习惯做某事”，用动名词作宾语，所以第二空填to writing。故选B。40A【详解】句意：每个人喜欢做兼职工作去赚更多的钱。考查非谓语用法。根据“Everyone likes part-time jo

39、b.more money.”可知，空处是非谓语动词，且赚更多钱是做兼职的目的，用不定式to make作目的状语。故选A。41B【详解】句意：汤姆的父亲正在睡觉，所以他悄悄地走进房间，以免吵醒他。考查动词短语。in order not to do sth意为 “为了不做某事”，为动词不定式形式，所以空处动词应用原形，wake sb up意为 “把某人弄醒”，是由动词和副词构成的动词短语，此类短语与代词搭配，代词需要放中间。故选B。42C【详解】句意：为了保持健康，我们需要每天做早操。考查动词不定式作目的状语。so to如此；such that表示某种程度或条件；in order to为了，后接动

40、词原形；in order that以便，后接从句。根据“do morning exercises every day keep healthy”可知，做早操的目的是为了保持健康，空格后接的是动词原形keep，故选C。43A【详解】句意：政府建了一些自然公园来保护熊猫。考查不定式结构。根据“The government has built some natural parks.”与“protect pandas”之间的关系可知，此处应用动词不定式结构作状语，表示目的。故选A。44C【详解】句意：为了赶上末班车，他们匆忙离开了。考查短语辨析。so that以便，后接从句；in order that

41、为了、以便，后接从句；in order to为了、以便，后接动词原形；so to无此用法。根据空后“catch the last bus”可知是动词短语，排除选项A和B；根据“They hurried to leavecatch the last bus.”可知他们匆忙离开是为了赶上末班车，所以用in order to表目的。故选C。45C【详解】句意：为了了解更多明天的天气情况，拔打121。好的，我会打的。谢谢。考查不定式作目的状语。根据句意，横线部分是为了了解，是一种目的，动词不定式可以表目的，故选C。46D【详解】句意：在一个阳光明媚的早晨，大卫和他的驴子停在河边喝水。考查非谓语。根据“

42、David and his donkeys stop at a river”可知，停在河边是为了喝水，应用动词不定式表目的。故选D。47B【详解】句意：2008年北京奥运会后，我国运动员继续为下一届奥运会进行训练。考查非谓语动词。分析“the athletes of our country went on.for the next one.”可知，在句中表示目的，用动词不定式形式，故选B。48C【详解】句意：我们去最近的超市去买一些食物和饮料，好吗？考查非谓语。去超市的目的是去买东西，此处用不定式表目的。故选C。49D【详解】句意：你可以用这个计算机程序自己制作一部电影。考查非谓语动词。use sth. to do“使用某物做某事”，动词不定式作目的状语。故选D。50A【详解】句意：他圈住日期来提醒自己记住妈妈的生日。考查动词不定式和介词。about关于（后面通常用名词、代词或动名词）；of的（后面通常用名词、代词或动名词）；that从句引导词，后面通常接从句。分析句子可知，圈住日期是为了“提醒自己”，remind“提醒”，动词不定式可表目的，故选空一应用to remind；“his mothers birthday”意为“他妈妈的生日”，remind sb about sth“提醒某人某事”，故选空二应用介词about。故选A。