专题02 2020年全国卷I-五年真题完形填空重点词汇和长难句回顾 变式练-备考2022高考英语.docx

1、专题02 2020年全国卷I完形填空重点词汇和长难句回顾+变式练阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. The 41 is obvious. If we 42 it is a door, theyll want to go outside 43 . It will drive us crazy. The

2、kids apparently know the 44 . But our insisting its 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door.I hate lying to the kids. One day theyll 47 and discover that everything theyve always known about windows is a 48 .I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no matter the 50

3、 . I have a very strong 51 that the lie were telling is doing 52 damage to our children. Windows and doors have 53 metaphorical（比喻） meanings. Im telling them they cant open what they absolutely know is a door. What if later in 54 they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity（机会） of some sort

4、, and 55 opening the door and taking the opportunity, they just 56 it and wonder, What if it isnt a door? That is, What if it isnt a 57 opportunity?Maybe its an unreasonable fear. But the 58 is that I shouldnt lie to my kids. I should just 59 repeatedly having to say, No. We cant go outside now. The

5、n when they come to other doors in life, be they real or metaphorical, they wont 60 to open them and walk through.41. A. relief B. targetC. reasonD. case42. A. admitB. believeC meanD. realize43. A. graduallyB. constantlyC. temporarilyD. casually44. A. resultB. dangerC. methodD. truth45. A. merelyB.

6、slightlyC. hardlyD. partly46. A. reviewingB. approvingC. receivingD. attempting47. A. win outB. give upC. wake upD. stand out48. A. dreamB. lie C. fantasyD. fact49. A. parentsB. twinsC. colleaguesD. teachers50. A. restrictionsB. explanationsC. differencesD. consequences51. A. demandB. fearC. desireD

7、. doubt 52. A. physicalB. biologicalC. spiritualD. behavioral53. A traditionalB. importantC. doubleD. original54. A. lifeB. timeC. reply D. history55. A. by comparison with B. in addition toC. regardless ofD. instead of56. A. get hold ofB. stare atC. knock onD. make use of57. A .realB. TypicalC. sim

8、ilarD. limited58. A. safety ruleB. comfort zoneC. bottom lineD. top secret59. A. delayB. regretC. enjoyD. accept60. A. hurry B. decide C. hesitate D. intend1.重点词汇1. admit vt.承认；供认;承认；确认;准许进入;准许加入；接纳；招收;2. behavioral adj.行为的 V. behave3. consequence n.结果；后果；影响;重要（性）；意义;推论;结论;（有效论证中）前因后果;因果关系;4.delay v

9、t.推迟；使延期；使延迟;耽搁；延误; vi.耽搁；拖延;拖拉；磨蹭; n.推迟；延缓;耽搁的时间;5. explanation n.解释；说明；辩解；剖白;解释；理由;阐述；详细的说明;澄清；说明；和解;6. hesitate vi.犹豫；踌躇；迟疑;（讲话）吞吞吐吐，结巴，支吾;7. relief n.减轻;解除;轻松;浮雕;救济(品);安慰;替代 adj.提供救济的;文本的8.temporarily adv.临时地；暂时地;短暂地；暂时地;9. restriction n.限制措施；限制法律;约束；限制;限制；受限;限制;10. by comparison with与. 相比11.get

10、 hold of把握;抓住;得到12. regardless of不管, 不顾; 13.top secret adj.绝密的2.长难句1. But our insisting its merely a window has kept them from attempting millions of requests to open the door.解析：整句话的意思为：但是我们对于这只是一扇窗户的坚持阻止了他们无数次要求开门的尝试。祝学习愉快哦本句中“our insisting its merely a window”为“v-ing作主语”，中心词为“insisting”，its merel

11、y a window 这个句式是做了insisting的同位语，补充说明insisting，意为“我们对于这只是一扇窗户的坚持”。本句中谓语使用了一个固定结构，即“keep sb from doing sth”，意为“阻止某人做某事”。2. I have a very strong desire that the lie were telling is doing spiritual damage to our children.整句话的意思为：我有一种非常强烈的恐惧，我们所说的谎言正在对我们的孩子造成伤害。本句话中that 引导了一个同位语从句。do damage to“对造成伤害”。3.

12、What if later in life they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity（机会） of some sort, and instead ofopening the door and taking the opportunity, they just stare at it and wonder, What if it isnt a door?整句话的意思为：如果他们在以后的生活中来到一扇隐喻的门，就像某种机会，他们没有打开门抓住机会，而是盯着它，想知道，如果它不是门怎么办？What if+状语later in life

13、+主语they+谓语come to+宾语a metaphorical door+插入语like an opportunity（机会） of some sort,+状语and instead of opening the door and taking the opportunity,+主语they+谓语just stare at+宾语it+谓语wonder+宾语从句What if it isnt a door?【答案】41-45 C A B D A 4650 D C BA D 51-55 B C B A D 5660 B A C D C【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者以现实中的门，引申出生

14、活中的“门”，从而探讨了一种教育理念。作者认为家长们不要害怕告诉孩子们真相，这样，孩子们才可以在生活的道路上，不再被各种“进退两难”所困扰，从而抓住机遇，勇往直前。41.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：原因是明显的。A. relief安慰； B. target目标；C. reason原因；D. case情况。根据下文If we 42 it is a door, theyll want to go outside_43.可知这里作者在解释把门说成窗户的原因。所以这里意思是“原因是明显的”。故选C。42.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们承认它是一扇门，他们就会不断地想出去。A. adm

15、it 承认；B. believe相信；C. mean意味着；D. realize意识到。下文theyll want to go outside_43.说他们就会经常想出去，那必然是作者承认了它是一扇门。故选A。43.B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果我们承认它是一扇门，他们就会不断地想出去。A. gradually逐步地；B. constantly不断地；C temporarily临时地；D casually随便地。根据下文I should just_59 repeatedly having to say, No. We cant go outside now. 可推测出，孩子们会不断地想

16、出去。故选B。44.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们显然知道这个真相。A. result结果；B. danger危险；C. method方法；D. truth真相。下文But our insisting its 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door.说阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试，和下文的I hate lying to the kids.可知孩子们是知道真相的。故选D。45.A【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是，我们坚持说它只不过是一扇窗户，阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门

17、的尝试。A. merely只不过；B. slightly轻微地；C. hardly几乎不；D. partly部分地。我在搪塞孩子们，所以轻描淡写地说，它不过是一扇窗户而已。故选A。46.D【解析】考查动名词词义辨析。句意：但是，我们坚持说它只是一扇窗户，阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试。A. reviewing回顾；B. approving赞成；C. receiving收到；D. attempting尝试。根据millions of requests to open the door可知孩子们是想尝试打开门。故选D。47.C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，他们会开始了解真相，并且发

18、现，一直以来，他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。A. win out最后获得成功；B. give up放弃；C. wake up开始了解真相；D. stand out站出来。根据and discover that everything theyve always known about windows is a 48.可知有一天，孩子们会开始了解真相。故选C。48.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，他们会开始了解真相，并且发现，一直以来，他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。A. dream梦想；B. lie谎言；C. fantasy幻想；D. fact事实。根据I hate

19、lying to the kids.以及结合前文作者把门说成窗户，可知这里意思是他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。故选B。49.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道父母是否应该说出真相，无论结果如何。A. parents父母；B. twins双胞胎；C. colleagues同事；D. teachers老师。根据下文to our children，可知这里意思是作者想知道父母是否应该说出真相。故选A。50.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道父母是否应该说出真相，无论结果如何。A. restrictions限制；B. explanations解释；C. difference

20、s差异；D. consequences结果。根据theyll want to go outside_43.可知一旦我说出真相，孩子们就总想着打开门出去，这是一种说出真相的“后果”。故选D。51.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有一种强烈的害怕，害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。A. demand要求；B. fear害怕；C. desire欲望；D. doubt怀疑。根据that the lie were telling is doing 52 damage to our children.和Maybe its an unreasonable fear.可知这是让我强烈害怕的事

21、情。故选B。52.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有一种强烈的害怕，害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。A. physical身体的；B biological生物的；C. spiritual心灵的；D. behavioral行为的。下文说家长们的撒谎行为会让孩子们面对机会时，犹豫不前。由此可知，这是对孩子们心灵上造成了伤害。故选C。53.B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：窗户和门有重要的比喻意义。A. traditional传统的； B. important重要的；C. double双重的；D. original原来的。下文说假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就

22、像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。由此可知，窗户和门的比喻意义是非常重要的。故选B。54.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。A. life生活；B. time时间；C. reply回答；D. history历史。根据Then whenthey come to other doors in life可知这里意思是在生活中遇到比喻的门。故选A。55.D【解析】考查短语辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到

23、比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。 A. by comparison with与相比；B. in addition to除之外；C. regardless of不管；D. instead of而不是。对孩子们撒谎，今后，孩子们面对生活中的“门”时，会观望，而不是打开“门”。故选D。56.B【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。A. get hold of抓住；B. stare at

24、凝视；C. knock on敲击（门、窗）；D. make use of利用。孩子们遇到机会，不是马上抓住它，而是在考虑很多问题。由此可知，孩子们在凝视着“机会”。故选B。57.A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也就是说，假如它不是一个真的机会，将会怎么样？A. real真的；B. typical典型的；C. similar相似的；D. limited有限的。孩子们面对机会，犹豫不前，是在质疑机会的真实性。故选A。58.C【解析】考查名词短语词义辨析。句意：但是，底线是我不应该对我的孩子们撒谎。A safety rule安全守则；B. comfort zone舒适带; C. bottom l

25、ine底线；D. top secret绝密的。根据I shouldnt lie to my kids.可知这是我的底线。故选C。59.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我应该只是接受重复的说：“不，我们现在不能去外面。”A. delay推迟；B. regret后悔；C. enjoy享受；D. accept接受。当我告知孩子们真相时，我也不得不重复的说：“不，我们现在不能去外面。”这是一个现实，我只能接受。故选D。60.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，当他们遇到生活中的其他“门”时，或真实或比喻，他们将毫不犹豫的打开它们，然后走过去。A. hurry匆忙；B. decide决定；C. h

26、esitate犹豫；D. intend打算。根据and walk through.可知当告知孩子们真相时，孩子们将不再犹豫，大踏步向前走。故选C。变式练01阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。As part of my upbringing, I was taught to smile and say, “Thank you.” My mother always 41 , “Smile and act like youre happy!”Years after my mother passed away, when social media

27、was becoming a growing 42 and part of life, I decided to use it as a platform to express 43 why I was thankful. I would also write online a 44 message that could touch others once a week. Here is a common 45 of my Thankful Thursday thoughts: If you do more than just 46 , youll not only make your lif

28、e become different but also 47 the life of someone else in the world. Be a life-changer!After a few years of 48 Thankful Thursday messages, I considered 49 , thinking that maybe my online friends had had enough of my thoughts. I was 50 . There were responses like, “I 51 your messages,” and “I love T

29、hankful Thursday!” These 52 made me decide to keep going and even 53 the messages through more social media platforms. The feedback has been 54 , and I am happy for the very reason that the 55 posts are not about me; theyre about many peoples expressions of gratitude(感激), which 56 happiness among hu

30、ndreds of people.We 57 our gratitude when we realize that happiness comes from 58 , and being thankful is an expression from the heart. Making it a 59 to say “thank you” to all the people who have made a 60 in our lives can push us into a state of happiness.41. A. explainedB. advisedC. warnedD. resp

31、onded42. A. productB. symbolC. discoveryD. phenomenon43. A. publiclyB. cautiouslyC. secretlyD. bravely44. A. convincingB. reasonableC. motivationalD. subjective45. A. exampleB. styleC. conceptD. purpose46. A. followB. acceptC. smileD. exist47. A. enrichB. transformC. saveD. understand48. A. exchangi

32、ngB. advocatingC. sharingD. downloading49. A. quittingB. continuingC. reflectingD. improving50. A. disappointedB. gratefulC. hesitantD. wrong51. A. make up forB. look forward toC. give awayD. take in52. A. greetingsB. requestsC. commentsD. updates53. A. extendB. polishC. replaceD. gather54. A. brief

33、B. diverseC. commonD. fantastic55. A. hourlyB. dailyC. weeklyD. monthly56. A. changeB. inspireC. offerD. display57. A. treasureB. voiceC. recognizeD. promote58. A. withinB. outsideC. nowhereD. here59. A. standardB. traditionC. possibilityD. routine60. A. decisionB. promiseC. differenceD. suggestion【

34、语篇类型】夹叙夹议文 【主题语境】人与自我 【文章大意】作者通过讲述自己的经历，阐释感激带来的影响，并建议人们养成感恩的习惯。【答案】41-45 BDACA 46-50 DBCAD 51-55 BCADC 56-60 BBADC【解析】41. B【解析】在成长过程中，作者的妈妈教导作者要学会微笑，学会说“谢谢”，并总是给她建议：微笑，表现出开心的样子。explain“解释”；advise“建议”；warn“警告”；respond“回答，回应”。42. D【解析】根据下文中的“part of life”可知，此处表示社交媒体成为一种越来越常见的现象。symbol“象征，符号，记号”；discov

35、ery“发现，发觉”；phenomenon“现象”。43. A【解析】作者决定用这个平台公开表达她感谢他人的原因。publicly“公开地”，符合语境。cautiously“谨慎地”；secretly“秘密地”；bravely“勇敢地”。44. C【解析】根据下文中的“If you do more than just 46 youll not only make your life become different but also 47 the life of someone else in the world. Be a life-changer”可知，作者每周都会在社交平台上发布鼓舞人心

36、的信息。convincing“有说服力的”；reasonable“合理的，明智的”；motivational“鼓舞人心的”；subjective“主观的”。45. A【解析】根据语境可知，作者以她发布的其中一则信息为例来进行说明。example“例子”，符合语境。style“方式，款式，风格”；concept“概念”；purpose“目的”。46. D【解析】如果你所做的不只是（简单地）活着，你将不仅能够使自己的生活有所不同，而且能够改变世上其他人的生活。follow “跟随”；accept“接受”；smile“微笑”；exist“生活，生存”。47. B【解析】根据下文中的“Be a lif

37、e-changer”可知，空处所填词 在语意上应与change一致，故transform“使改观，彻底改变”符合语境。enrich“充实，使丰富，使富裕”；save“拯救，挽救”；understand“理解，了解”。48. C【解析】根据语境可知，作者每周四都会在社交平台上分享一则励志信息。exchange“交换，交流”；advocate“支持，提倡”；share“分享，共有”；download“下载”。49. A【解析】在进行了数年的“感恩星期四”信息分享后，作者认为网友们已看够了，因此打算停止。quit“停止”，符合语境。continue “继续”；reflect “仔细思考”；impro

38、ve “改进，改善”。50. D【解析】根据下文中的“There were responses like made me decide to keep going”可知，作者之前的想法错了。 disappointed“失望的”；grateful“感激的”；hesitant“犹豫的，不情愿的”；wrong“错误的”。51. B【解析】根据语境可知，作者收到了一些回复，如“我期待你的信息”“我很喜欢感恩星期四”。look forward to “盼望”，符合语境。make up for“弥补，补偿”；give away“赠送，分发，泄露”；take in “吸入，理解”。52. C【解析】根据语境

39、可知，此处所填词与上文中的“responses”及下文中的“feedback”在语意范畴上是一致的，故comment“评论”符合语境。greeting“问候”；request“要求”；update“最新消息，最新进展”。53. A【解析】作者决定继续，甚至在更多社交平台上发布信息。extend“扩展，扩大的范围（或影响）”，符合语境。 polish“抛光，润色”；replace“取代，更换”；gather“聚集，集合，召集”。54. D【解析】根据语境可知，人们对作者发布的信息作出了极好的反馈。fantastic“极好的”，符合语境。55. C【解析】根据上文中的“once a week”“T

40、hankful Thursday”可知，作者每周四在社交平台上发信息。hourly“每小时的”；daily“每天的”；weekly“每周的”；monthly“每月的”。56. B【解析】根据语境可知，作者的“感恩星期四”信息让数百人产生幸福感。inspire“使（某人）产生（某种感情或反应），激起”，符合语境。change“改变”；offer“主动提出，提供”；display“显示，表露”。57. B【解析】根据语境可知，此处表示我们表达我们的感激之情。voice“表达，吐露”，符合语境。treasure“珍视，珍爱”；recognize“认可”；promote“促进，推动”。58. A【解析

41、】根据语境可知，此处表示幸福源于内心。within “在内部”，符合语境。outside“在外面”；nowhere“无处，哪里都不”；here“在这里”。59. D 【解析】把对生活中所有影响我们的人说声“谢谢”变成一种习惯，可以让我们感受到幸福。routine“常规”，符合语境。standard“标准”；tradition“传统”；possibility“可能性，机会”。60. C【解析】参见上题解析。make a decision“作决定”；make a promise“许诺”；make a difference“有影响，有作用”；make a suggestion“提议”。变式练02阅读

42、下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Losing someone you love is never easy. To 41 her mother, Debbie Money from England decided to go on a special 42 journey.Debbie discovered her mother kept careful 43 of every dinner party that she had 44 in over 50 years. Each course and drink was described,

43、 from which Debbie got the 45 and planned to reproduce some of her mothers dinner parties as 46 as she could. What she gained from reading through the 80 pages was 47 , because they made Debbie know not just the 48 of her family but also how peoples tastes in food had 49 over the years.Debbies mothe

44、r was an 50 woman, traveling from West Africa to The Bahamas alone. Her experiences were 51 in her creativity in food, from corned beef fritters to West African curries. Food was 52 through the family, and a love of it was 53 and grew with the years. In order to have a good 54 of her mothers records

45、, Debbie has 55 again with her father. “Asking what is what and learning. Dad has revealed a new 56 of Mum and himself,” says Debbie.Debbie has held her first party using the exact 57 her mother used. She loves spending time in her mothers kitchen. Its already 58 many vivid memories of her mother, t

46、hough Debbie is just at the 59 point of this journey. To Debbie, her mother was not gone, and she is 60 Debbie through a lifetime of food and fun.41. A. save B. cheer C. mourn D. appreciate 42. A. exploration B. reunion C. culture D. food 43. A. notes B. videos C. pictures D. figures 44. A. attended

47、 B. thrown C. preferred D. missed 45. A. inspiration B. instruction C. pleasure D. experience 46. A. early B. quickly C. closely D. regularly 47. A. relaxing B. remarkable C. necessary D. vital 48. A. connection B. profession C. secret D. history 49. A. continued B. expanded C. changed D. reflected

48、50. A. ambitious B. adventurous C. optimistic D. energetic 51. A. strengthened B. predicted C. mirrored D. buried 52. A. carried away B. brought up C. taken over D. passed down 53. A. found B. returned C. nursed D. recognized 54. A. command B. chance C. explanation D. understanding 55. A. bonded B.

49、communicated C. dealt D. reasoned 56. A. side B. angle C. chapter D. advantage 57. A. techniques B. recipes C. tools D. orders 58. A. lost B. refreshed C. left D. followed59. A. starting B. turning C. breaking D. finishing 60. A. serving B. protecting C. tracking D. guiding【解题导语】本文是记叙文，主题语境是“人与自我”。D

50、ebbie在母亲去世后发现了母亲生前的宴会记事本，里面详细记录了五十多年来她举办的宴会，包括宴会上的食谱，于是Debbie决定通过这些食谱重现母亲的宴会来纪念母亲。【答案】 41-45 CDABA 46-50 CBDCB 51-55 CDCDA 56-60 ABBAD41. C【解析】根据上文中的“Losing someone you love is never easy”可知，Debbie的母亲去世了，故mourn“悼念，哀悼”符合语境。42. D【解析】根据下文内容可知，Debbie决定进行一次特殊的美食（food）之旅来悼念母亲。43. A【解析】根据下文中的“reading throu

51、gh the 80 pages”可知，Debbie的母亲详细记录了每一次宴会。keep notes of“记录”。44. B【解析】根据下文中的“her mothers dinner parties”可知，此处指Debbie的母亲举办的宴会。throw a party“举行聚会”。45. A【解析】根据下文中的“and planned to reproduce some of her mothers dinner parties”可知，Debbie母亲的记录使她得到了启发（inspiration）。46. C【解析】根据下文中的“Asking what is what and learning

52、”可知，Debbie计划让她重现的东西尽可能地接近母亲的宴会。closely“很接近地”。47. B【解析】根据空后的“because over the years”可知，读母亲留下的记录的收获是非常令人惊讶的。remarkable“非凡的，惊人的，显著的”。48. D【解析】根据上文中的“over 50 years”可知，读母亲的记录可以让她了解她的家族历史（history）和这些年来人们口味的变化（changed）。49. C【解析】参见上题解析。50. B【解析】根据空后的“traveling from West Africa to The Bahamas alone”可知，Debbie

53、的母亲是一个喜欢冒险的人。adventurous“喜欢冒险的，有冒险精神的”。51. C【解析】根据空前的“traveling from West Africa to The Bahamas”和空后的“from corned beef fritters to West African curries”可知，母亲对食物的创新反映了她的经历。mirror“反映”。52. D【解析】根据Debbie的故事和下文中的“grew with the years”可知，食物在家族中代代相传。carry away“拿走”；bring up“提出（讨论等）”；take over“接管”；pass down“使世

54、代相传，流传”。53. C【解析】根据空后的“grew with the years”可知，Debbie的家族心怀对食物的爱，而且这份爱随着时间不断增长。nurse“心怀”。54. D【解析】根据下文的“Asking what is what and learning”可知，此处表示为了更好地理解（understanding）她母亲记录的东西。55. A【解析】根据空后的“Dad has revealed a new 36 of Mum and himself”可知，Debbie和父亲的关系再次亲近了。bond“形成亲近关系”。56. A【解析】父亲给Debbie展示了Debbie母亲和他自己

55、的新的一面（side）。57. B【解析】根据上文内容可知，Debbie用了和母亲一样的食谱（recipes）。58. B【解析】根据语境可知，重现母亲的宴会唤起了她对母亲的回忆。refresh“提醒，提示，使想起”。59. A【解析】根据上文中的“Debbie has held her first party”可知，Debbie的美食之旅才刚刚开始。starting point“起点”。60. D【解析】Debbie在母亲的宴会记事本的影响下开始了她的美食之旅，这带给她很多关于母亲的回忆。因此对Debbie来说，母亲并没有离开，她正引导（guiding）Debbie开始一生的美食和快乐之旅。