专题08 Unit4 Looking good, feeling good 重点单词变形词组短语句型【考点清单】-2023-2024学年高一英语上学期期中考点大串讲（译林版2020必修第一册）.docx

1、Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型 B1U4 重点单词变形1. immediately adv. 立即，马上 conj. 一就 immediately adj. 立即的；直接的2. concentrate vi. & vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注 concentration n. 专心，专注；集中concentrated adj. 全神贯注的；集中的3. extreme adj. 极端的；严重的 n. 极端的感情(或境况、行为方式等) extremely adv. 极端地；非常extremist n. 极端主义者；过激分

2、子4. effect n. 效果，作用；影响 effective adj. 有效的effectively adv. 有效地；实际上effectiveness n. 效率；有效性5. prove linking v. 后来被发现是 vt. 证明，证实 proof n. 证据，证明6. slightly adv. 稍微，略微 slight adj. 轻微的；细小的 slightness n. 些微，少许7. nutrition n. 营养nutritious adj. 有营养的 nutritiously adv. 营养地，nutritionist n. 营养学家8. function vi. 起作

3、用，正常工作，运转 n. 作用，功能，职能 functional adj. 实用的；功能的 functionallyadv. 功能地；职务上地9. energetic adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的energy n. 能量；精力energetically adv. 精力充沛地；积极地10. frightened adj. 害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的fright n. 惊吓；恐怖frightening adj. 令人惊恐的，骇人frighteningly adv. 吓人地，令人恐惧地11. memory n. 记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆memorize vt. 记忆，记住 memorial n. 纪

4、念碑 adj. 纪念的12. attack n. 发作；攻击；抨击 vt. & vi. 攻击；侵袭；attacker n. 攻击者；抨击者13. treatment n. 治疗；对待，待遇；处理 treat vt. 对待；处理 n. 款待14. addition n. 增加，添加；加法add vt. & vi. 增加；补充；扩大additional adj. 附加的；额外的additionally adv. 此外15. beauty n. 美，美丽；美人， 美好的东西beautiful adj. 美丽的，美好的beautifully adv. 美好地；令人满意地16. fashion n. 时

5、尚，时兴；流行款式fashionable adj. 时尚的17. digital adj. 数码的，数字的digitally adv. 数字化地；数位地digitalize vt. 数字化18. strength n. 优势；力气，力量；实力strengthen vt. 增强 vi. 变强strong adj. 强壮的，强健的；强烈的strongly adv. 强烈地，坚决地19. talent n. 天资，天赋；人才，天才talented adj. 有才能的；天才的20. individual adj. 单独的；个人的 n. 个人individually adv. 分别地；单独地21. ac

6、hievement n. 成就，成绩；达到，完成achieve vt. 实现；达到；取得achievable adj. 可达到的；可获得的 B1U4词组一1.lose weight by skipping meals不吃饭减肥2.be rushed to hospital 被迅速送往医院3.feel unwell 感觉不好，不舒服4.have dangerously low blood sugar levels危险的低血糖水平5.be treated immediately 立刻接受治疗6.worried parents 忧心忡忡的父母7.out of danger/ in danger脱离危

7、险处在危险中8.make a full recovery in a day or two一两天内完全康复9.struggle with eating problem与饮食问题斗争10.reach her target weight 达到目标体重11.have trouble concentrating in class 在课上集中注意力有困难12.wont listen 不愿意听13.be concerned about these figures 对这些数字表示担忧14.warn them against using such extreme methods警告他们不要使用这种极端的方法15

8、.slightly overweight 轻微超重16.take in enough food 摄入足够的食物17.stay energetic and fit 保持精力充沛身体健康18.get into shape 强身健体19. a balanced diet 均衡的饮食20.draw their attention 吸引他们的注意力 B1U4词组二1. in the short/long term 从短期、长期看2. suffer a heart attack心脏病发作3. be replaced by被.取代4. feel like a lie-in想睡懒觉5. sleep sound

9、ly酣睡6. go off (灯)熄灭7. work on sb.努力说服某人work on sth.努力改善(或完成)8. be caught in遇到、突然遭受9. live with 容忍:忍受(不快的事)10. regret doing遗憾做过某事regret to do 很遗憾要去做某事11. in general= on the whole总的说来:从总体上来看12. be for/against支持:反对13. to be honest =honestly speaking老实说14.hang over使.忧心忡忡:担心可能发生15.have a negative/positiv

10、e effect/influence on对.有积极、消极影响16.guard against防范:提防17.fight a losing battle打一场无望取胜的仗18.live up to ones expectations不辜负某人的期望live up to ones promise履行某人的诺言 19. end up 最终处于:最终成为20. show off 炫耀show up 露面21. compare. to.比较.和22.follow . blindly盲从23.be out of reach达不到24.direct ones attention away from把某人的

11、注意力从.移开25. take ones mind off不去想 B1U4重点句型1.她的医生说她会在一两天内完全康复。Her doctor says that she will make a full recovery in a day or two.2.Jennifer以为不吃饭就可以轻松减到她的目标体重。Jennifer thought that skipping meals would be a simple way to reach her target weight.3.Jennifer的案例提醒我们，青少年男女中已较为常见的不健康减肥习惯具有危险性。Jennifers case

12、is a reminder of the dangers of the unhealthy weight-loss habits that have become common among teenagers of both sexes.4.在一个往往以瘦为美的社会里，青少年有时借助极端的方式来快速减肥。In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful, teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly. 5.健康专家对这些数字表示担忧。H

13、ealth experts are concerned about these figures. 6.他们加大力度教育青少年有关快速减肥引起的不良反应。They are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly.7.这些所谓的“急速减肥法”已证明对青少年有害。These so-called quick-fix methods prove to be harmful to teenagers.8.青少年轻微超重是正常的，没有理由为此焦虑。It

14、is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason why they should be worried.9.她指出，健康均衡的饮食十分重要，因为青少年正在发育，需要大量的营养以维持正常的身体机能。She pointed out that it is important to have a healthy balanced diet since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to functio

15、n well.10.此外，青少年应作息规律，多参加运动，才能精力旺盛、身体健康。Whats more, teenagers should keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise to stay energetic and fit.11.我们强烈建议所有青少年遵从这些生活方式的建议，因为好好生活是最安全、最有效的塑身方式。We strongly encourage all teenagers to follow these lifestyles tips, because living well is the safest and most e

16、ffective way to get into shape. B1U4重点词汇1. concentrate concentration n. 集中精力，专心原文：Sometimes he told me he had trouble concentrating in class. 有时他告诉我他在课堂上注意力不集中。(教材P45) vt. & vi.集中（注意力，思想等）；全神贯注concentrate on 集中；集中精神于concentrate on 把集中于focus on集中；集中精神于focus on 把集中于with concentrated/ focused on 全神贯注于W

17、eneed toconcentrateresourcesonthe mostrun-downareas.我们需要把资源集中用于最衰败的地区。In this lecture I shall concentrate on the early years of Charless reign.这一节课我将着重讲查理王朝的早期统治时期。With his attention concentrated on the book, he didnt notice his mother come in.他全神贯注地看书，没有注意到他妈妈进来了。【跟踪典例】完成句子It was _ hisstudiesandmak

18、e somethingofhimself.他能否专心学习并有所成就取决于他自己。Ifyou_studyingEnglish, youwillmasterthelanguage.如果你将全部精力集中在英语学习上，你就会掌握这门语言。Youcannotafford to_for a moment.你必须集中精力，一刻都不能松懈。【答案】 up tohimtoconcentrateon concentrateallyour energieson relaxyourconcentration2. effect effective adj. 有效的 affect vt. 影响 influence vt.

19、/ n. 影响原文：They are increasing their efforts to educate teens about the side effects of losing weight too quickly . 他们正在加大力度来教育青少年减肥过快的副作用。 (教材P45)n. 效果，作用，影响side effect 副作用be of no effect 无效have an effect/ influence on 对 有影响bring/ put/ carry into effect 实施；使生效come into effect 生效；开始实施take effect 生效，起

20、作用in effect实际上；生效Despite her ordeal, she seems to have suffered noill effects.她尽管备受磨难，但好像并未受到不利影响The recommendations will soon be put into effect.这些建议即将付诸实施。His wife had, in effect, run the government for the past six months.过去的六个月实际上是他的妻子在执政。The aspirins soon take effect.阿司匹林药片很快见效【跟踪典例】完成句子Doestel

21、evision_childrensbehaviour?电视对孩子的行为有影响吗？_, the two systems are identical.实际上，这两种系统完全一样Hisproposalispracticable in theorybutcant _.他的建议在理论上可以，但不能付诸实现。Humouris_ thanviolence.幽默是比暴力更有效的防御武器。【答案】 have aneffecton In effect beputintoeffect a moreeffectivedefence3. function 原文：Teenagers are still growing a

22、nd their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well. 青少年还在成长，他们的身体需要大量的营养才能更好的运转。(教材P45)vi. 起作用，正常工作，运转 n. 作用，功能，职能function as 担任； 起作用perform a function 发挥功能；发挥作用as a function of根据The sofa also functions as a bed.这沙发还可当床用。Thefamilyhastheimportantfunctionofsocializingchildren.家庭有教孩子适应社会的重要作用Brea

23、thingisanautomaticfunctionof thebody.呼吸是一种无意识的身体功能。【跟踪典例】完成句子_istopump bloodthrough thebody.心脏的功能就是把血液输往全身。Many children cant_ in large classes.许多孩子在大班上课时学习效果不好。Ijust haveenoughroomhere_.我有足够空间,根据时间变化的构图。【答案】 Thefunctionoftheheartfunction effectively asafunctionoftime4. take in 原文：If they do not tak

24、e in enough food, they may feel weak and get ill easily. 如果他们没有摄入充足的食物，他们可能会感到虚弱而且容易生病。 (教材P45)摄入；吸收；接受；收留；领会；欺骗【跟踪典例】写出下列句子中take in 的汉语意思Thekindold ladyoffered totakeinthepoorhomelessstranger.Whatwecollectandtakeinbecomesthesourcematerialforwhat wecreate.Icould hardlytakeinwhattheold mansaid.If you

25、are taken inbysomeone or something, you are deceived by them, so that you get a false impression of them.【答案】 收留 吸收 领会 欺骗 5. frightened frightening adj. 令人恐惧的；令人害怕的 frighten vt. 使恐惧；使害怕原文：I was very frightened when woke up in hospital last Tuesday. 上周四当我在医院醒来时我非常害怕。(教材P47)害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的(1) be frightene

26、d at 对感到恐惧 be frightened of 害怕(2) frighten sb into doing sth 恐吓某人做某事 frighten sb out of doing sth 恐吓某人不要做某事 frighten away 把 吓跑Hewould neverfrightenanyoneorcause them anyharm.他永远不会吓唬或伤害任何人。Im frightened of walking home alone in the dark.我害怕在黑夜单独走路回家。Theywereevidentlytrying tofrightenthe publicintoobe

27、dience.很明显，他们是要吓唬众人服从。Its frightening to think it could happen again.想到此事可能再次发生就使人不寒而栗。【跟踪典例】完成句子Noenemycan_submission.任何敌人的恐吓都不能使我们屈服。He threatened the intruders with a gun and_.他用枪威胁闯入者，把他们吓跑了。He was _ at the _ story.他对那个令人感到恐惧的故事感到恐惧。【答案】frightenusinto frightened them away frightened; frightening

28、 6. rather 原文：From now on, I will pay more attention to my health rather than my weight. 从今以后，我会更注重我的健康而不是体重。 (教材P45)adv. 相反，而是；相当；更准确的说rather than而不是；宁可也不愿would rather宁愿，宁可or rather更精确地说，倒不如说rather tooadv. 稍微.一点It was a rather difficult question.这是个相当难的问题。Whydidntyouaskfor help,ratherthantrying tod

29、o it onyour own?你干吗非得自己干，而不请人帮忙？Theywouldratherworkthanlive onwelfare.他们宁愿工作而不愿靠社会保障金过活【跟踪典例】完成句子Wedontreallyliveanywhere._, weliveeverywhere.我们实际上不住在任何地方，或者更确切地说，我们住在所有地方Evidentlysomeof thesequestionsare_ toanswer.显然，其中有些问题稍有点难以回答。I_be alone_haveafalsefriendforcompany.与其拥有虚情假意的朋友的陪伴，我宁愿独身一人。【答案】Orr

30、ather rathertoodifficult wouldrather; than7. contribute contribution n.贡献；捐款；捐赠；投稿 contributor n. 贡献者；投稿者；捐助者原文：What, more, noise pollution and light pollution in big cities may also contribute to sleep problems. 更重要的是，大城市的噪音污染和光污染也可能导致睡眠问题(教材48)vt./ vi 是的原因之一；捐赠，捐款；增加，添加(1)contribute to 有助于；捐献；导致，促

31、成；投稿contribute to 把 贡献给；给 投稿；把捐赠给(2)make (great) contributions to 对做出(巨大的)贡献We contributed 5 000 to the earthquake fund. 我们向地震基金捐赠了 5 000 英镑。Located where the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction. 位于带与路交汇处的江苏省将会对“一带一路”的建设做出更大的贡献。Medical negligence was s

32、aid to have contributed to her death. 据说医务人员的玩忽职守是她死亡的原因之一。These measures would make a valuable contribution towards reducing industrial accidents. 这些措施将会对减少工业事故起重要的作用。【跟踪典例】完成句子This book _ our understanding of the subject. 此书对我们了解这门学科助益甚少。She _ to the magazine. 她给这家杂志撰写了一些稿件。Instead, he help the co

33、mmunity. 相反，他为帮助社区做出了慷慨的贡献。【答案】 contributes little to contributed a number of articles made a generous contribution to 8.in the short term原文：In the short term, people with sleep problems often feel tired. 从短期看，有睡眠问题的人经常感到疲劳。 (教材48)从短期看in the long term (run) 从长远看in terms of 就. 而言；从方面说on equal terms 平

34、等；条件相同be on good/ bad terms with 和关系好/不好come to terms with sb和某人达成协议/ 妥协/和解In the short term, the answer is no. 从短期来看，答案是否定的。In terms of costhow much were you thinking of charging? 说到费用，你们想要多少？One of my friends seems to be on good terms with Sue. 我的一个朋友看起来跟苏处得不错。【跟踪典例】完成句子But _, we need to invest in

35、 clean, renewable energy. 但从长远来看，我们还需要投资清洁、可再生能源。He stood out _ competence from all his fellows. 他在能力方面比他所有同事都突出。I see your point, but I seem to _ them. 我明白你的意思，但是我似乎和他们合不来。【答案】in the long term in terms of be on bad terms with9. attack原文：, the risk of being overweight and having a heart attack may i

36、ncrease. , 超重和心脏病发作的风险会增加。(教材P48) n. 发作；攻击；抨击vt./ vi. 攻击；侵袭；抨击(1) attack sb for (doing) sth因（做）某事而责难某人 be attacked with 患病(2)make an attack on/ against 攻击；袭击；抨击under attack 受到攻击/ 抨击 a heart attack 一次心脏病发作She has been attacked for ignoring her own party members. 她因漠视本党党员而受到非难。He has been attacked wit

37、h dysentery for three days. 他患痢疾已经三天了。The commander disposed his forces so as to make an attack on the enemy. 司令官对他的部队做了部署以便进攻敌军。【跟踪典例】The school _ encourage bright pupils. 这所学校因未能鼓励聪明学生而受到非难。He _ his critics. 他对他的批评者们发动了一场全力的攻击。The patrol came _ from all sides. 巡逻队受到四面八方的攻击。【答案】has come under attac

38、k for failing to launched an all-out attack on under attack10. amount原文：Everyone knows that the amount of quality sleep that we get is important to us.每个人都知道高质量的睡眠对我们很重要。(教材P49)n. 数量 vi. 合计；总计；接近the amount of 的数量a large amount of 大量的（后接不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式）large amounts of 大量的（后接不可数名词，谓语动词用复数形式）We need d

39、ouble the amount we already have. 我们需要现有数量的两倍。His earnings are said to amount to 300 000 per annum. 据说他每年的酬金高达30万英镑。Her answer amounted to a complete refusal. 她的答复等于完全拒绝。【跟踪典例】完成句子A large amount of money _ on the bridge.large amounts of money _ on the bridge.这座桥花了很多钱。【答案】was were【拓展延伸】(1) a great/ g

40、ood deal of; a great/ large amount of; quite a few +不可数名词 (作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式) large amount of + 不可数名词 (作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式)(2) large/ small amounts of; a god/ great many; a large/ good number of; a good few +可数名词复数 (作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式)(3) a lot of; lots of; plenty of +不可数名词/ 可数名词复数 (作主语时，谓语动词根据名词确定I am not goin

41、g to bring up my child in this hole. 我不会在这个鬼地方养育孩子的。He urged the United States to persist with its efforts to bring about peace. 他敦促美国坚持努力实现和平。We aim to bring down prices on all our computers. 我们打算降低我们所有计算机的价格。【跟踪典例】完成句子They share _ information on a quid pro quo basis. 他们在互利的基础上进行大量的信息共享。_ parents w

42、ere present at the meeting. 许多家长出席了会议There _ plenty of vegetarian dishes to choose from. 有许多道素菜可供选择。【答案】a great/ good deal of; a great/ large amount of; quite a few; a lot of; lots of; plenty oflarge/ small amounts of; a god/ great many; a large/ good number of; a good few; a lot of; lots of; plenty

43、 of are11.schedule原文：Try to stick to your schedule at the weekend too 在周末也要坚持你的睡眠时间表。(教材P49)vt.安排时间；预定 n.日程安排；工作安排；时间表(1) on schedule 准时；按照时间表ahead of schedule 提前behind schedule落后于预定计划(2)be scheduled for 预定；安排be scheduled to do sth预定做Were working to a tight schedule. 我们的工作安排得很紧。Filming began on sche

44、dule 拍摄如期开始。The meeting is scheduled for Friday afternoon. 会议安排在星期五下午。【跟踪典例】完成句子The new bridge has been finished two years _. 新桥提前两年落成。The meeting _ commence at noon. 会议定于午间召开。【答案】ahead of schedule is scheduled to12.treatment treat vt.治疗；对待；探讨；视为vi. 探讨；请客；协商n. 请客；款待原文：Mr Wilson is verr happy with th

45、e treatment. 威尔逊先生对这个治疗非常满意。(教材P50)n.治疗；对待，待遇；处理(1)in the treatment of 在 的治疗过程中medical treatment 治疗，医疗fair treatment 公平对待(2) treat as/ like把 当做treat sb to sth用某物款待某人 treat sb for (with sth) (用某物)治疗某人的某种疾病 beyond measure 无法估量的He had to go to hospital for treatment. 他不得不去医院接受治疗。This treatment removes

46、the most stubborn stains. 这种处理去掉了最难以去除的污渍。He was treated as a hero on his release from prison. 他获释出狱时被当成英雄看待。【跟踪典例】完成句子His good health is a witness to _. 他身体健康证明这种疗法是成功的。My parents still _ a child. 我父母仍然把我当成孩子。The condition is usually _ drugs and a strict diet. 这种病通常用药物和严格控制饮食进行治疗。【答案】the success of

47、 the treatmenttreat me liketreated with13. live up to原文：these standards are simply impossible for most of the population to live up to . 这些标准对大多数人来说根本无法达成。(教材P53)达到，符合，不辜负live a life 过着 的生活live on 继续活着；以为主食；靠活着live through 经历 而幸存live with 和在一起live with oneself 不会感到内疚，会心安理得的；自重The new president of th

48、e university is trying his best to live up to the expectations of the students. 这所大学的新校长正在努力不辜负学生们的期望。It was becoming more and more difficult to live on his salary. 他越来越难以靠他的工资维持生计了。if you want to live a simple life you need to simplify your mind. 要是你想过简单的生活，你需要使你的思想简化。【跟踪典例】完成句子Boarders at school _

49、, much less comfortable than that at home. 寄宿生的日子很辛苦，没有在家舒服。The old lady is not likely to _ the winter. 那位老妇人不大可能活过这个冬天。ts of vital importance to _; otherwise, empty promises would only result in bad names. 信守承诺至关重要，不然，空头承诺只会带来坏名声。【答案】live a hard life live through live up to our promises 14. show of

50、f 原文：Your friends may post a never-ending series of photos on line to show off their beautiful dresses or strong bodies.你的朋友可能无休止的在网上晒出自己美丽的衣服或健壮的体型的照片。（教材P53）炫耀Some people think the pursuit of fashion is only a way to show off wealth. 有些人认为追求时尚只是一种炫耀财富的方式。【拓展延伸】常见的take短语还有：show oneself 露面on show 展览

51、着，在公开展出show up 露面；露出；揭露show in 领入；领人show off 炫耀；卖弄in show 外表上；有名无实地put on a show 假装给人家看；装病【跟踪典例】完成句子I had to stand in for her on Tuesday when she didnt _. 星期二那天她没露面，我只好代替她。Mr Morris was determined to _ family unity. 莫里斯先生决心摆出一副家庭团结的样子。Now he is a leader _ . 现在他只是一个有名无实的领导人。【答案】show up put on a show

52、of in show15. talent talented adj. 有才能的；有天赋的原文：Everyone has their own talents-每个人都有自己的特长。（教材P54）天赋；天资；人才；天才(1)have a talent/ gift for 某方面有天赋talent show 才艺表演会；业余演出比赛talent pool 人才库natural talent 天赋，自然禀赋(2)be talented gifted in/ at 对 有天赋She showed considerable talent for getting what she wanted. 她很有天资

53、，能够心想事成。She was proud that her daughter had so much talent. 女儿这么有天赋令她喜不自胜。She is a talented musician as well as being a photographer. 她不但是个摄影师而且还是个天才的音乐家。【跟踪典例】完成句子From an early age she displayed a precocious _ music. 她年纪轻轻就表现出不凡的音乐天赋。We know that not every talented student needs to _exactly the same way. 我们知道每个有才能的学生不需要都是从一个模子里刻出来的。【答案】talent for be talented in