2021高考英语浙江版一轮精练：专题一　名词、代词和冠词 WORD版含解析.docx

1、第一部分语法知识专题一名词、代词和冠词探考情 悟真题【考情探究】考点考向考情分析预测热度2019-062018-112018-062017-112017-06名词1.名词和动词、形容词等之间的词性转换2.名词的单数和复数3.名词的所有格connection(s)(connect)women(woman)weight(weigh)dishes(dish)months(month)carrots(carrot)代词1.不定代词2.物主代词3.指示代词4.人称代词5.疑问代词6.反身代词7.it的用法them(they)ittheir(they)myself(I)冠词1.定冠词2.不定冠词3.零冠词

2、theana分析解读目前高考对词汇运用的直接考查,主要集中在语篇填空题型中。而间接的考查则体现在写作中,不论是应用文写作还是读后续写和概要写作,以上三类词汇都起着非常重要的作用。一、名词1.根据上下文判断是否用名词,是否用名词的复数形式。因此考生一定要掌握名词复数形式的构成规则。2.根据所给的同根词,写出相应的名词。因此考生要掌握英语单词的基本构词法。与名词有关的词性转换将是考查的热点。同时特别注意既有词性转换,又有复数形式的考查方式。3.有可能考查在无提示词的情况下根据语境写出适当的名词。这类词一般都是固定结构或上下文有明确的提示。因此考生要掌握含有名词的一些固定词组。这类题设题的难度较大,

3、近几年都没有涉及,但是,考生还是应当做好必要的准备。二、代词1.根据上下文语境写出合适的代词。2.根据所给的同根词,写出合适的代词形式。因此考生要掌握英语代词的各种形式之间的转换规则。三、冠词根据上下文的逻辑关系选择合适的定冠词或不定冠词。在此类考查中,名词实际上起着主要的作用。所以要重点研究与设空处相关的名词。从以上考查方式中可以看出,对这三种词类的考查,主要集中在对上下文的理解上面。因此,读懂句子、读懂上下文、抓住上下文的主旨是这类题目的解题关键。破考点 练考向【网络清单】名词分类普通名词可数名词个体名词:dog,chair,child,woman等集体名词:class,family,pe

4、ople等不可数名词物质名词:water,tea,oil,air等抽象名词:attention,love,pride,fun等专有名词:America,China,John等单数名词变复数名词的常用规则名词所有格s有生命的人或物的所有格:Tom and Helens parents表示时间、自然现象、度量衡、金额、国家或城市的名词的所有格:two years time,an hours ride()s所有格的构成规则of一般用于表示无生命的东西的所有格:the window ofthe house双重所有格:表示其中之一或其中一部分,突出局部:a friend of Toms, any wor

5、k of Mo Yans名词的句法功能作主语:Mr. Smithwas born in Canada.作宾语:Johnsonis reading anovelin his study.作表语:She is a lovelygirl.作定语:She is afootballplayer.作补语:Everyone elected himmonitor.名词构词法(构成名词的后缀)代词不定代词1.both,all,either,any,neither,none2.one,another,the other,some,others,the others3.no one/nobody,nothing,n

6、one4.many,much,few,little,a few,a little5.替代词:one,ones,the one,the ones,that,those6.含复合不定代词的习惯用语(nothing but,anything but等)7.全部肯定,全部否定,部分否定it的用法连接代词(详见名词性从句):Who can tellwhatwill happen inthe future?关系代词(详见定语从句):Hewholaughs last laughs best.【考点集训】考点一名词1.The(possible)that there is life on other plane

7、ts in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.答案possibility2.Try to understand whats actually happening instead of acting on the(assume)youve made.答案assumption3.The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But alternative (explain

8、)are hard to find.答案explanations4.It is important to pay your (electric)bill on time, as late payments may affect your credit.答案electricity5.Some schools will have to make(adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.答案adjustment/adjustments6.Go and say sorry to your mom,Dave.Id like to,but

9、Im afraid she wont be happy with my(apologize).答案apology/apologies7.One of the most effective ways to reduce (stressful)is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.答案stress8.He gave himself a new name to hide his (identify)when he went to carry out the secret task.答案identity9.Her(motivate)for w

10、riting was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.答案motivation10.Whenever I made mistakes,the teacher pointed them out with(patient).答案patience11.Without proper treatment, minor(injure)or burns could lead to more suffering and even loss of lives.答案injury/injuries12.While she was in

11、Paris,she developed a(tasty)for fine art.答案taste13.My first(impress)of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.答案impression14.Three months later,Jesse was able to communicate happily with all his classmates about regular things like homework and(game).答案games15.Youd better write down the

12、 phone number of that restaurant for future(refer).答案reference16.Your(perform)as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.答案performance17.They were the kind that I did not have in my(collect)so I placed them carefully in my bag.答案collection18.For sustainable

13、development, the government has decided to give(prefer)to those energy-conserving and environment-friendly businesses in many aspects.答案preference19.Due to the(apply)of this medical technology,some diseases can be treated at an early stage.答案application考点二代词1.In many ways, the education system in th

14、e US is not very different fromin the UK.答案that2.The quality of education in this small school is better than in some larger schools.答案that3.How would you like if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?答案it4.The meeting will

15、be held in September,but knows the date for sure.答案nobody5.To warm himself,the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the.答案other6.Niki is always full of ideas,but is useful to my knowledge.答案none7.Susan madeclear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.答案it8.A sm

16、ile costs,but gives much.答案nothing/little9.In some countries,people eat with chopsticks,while in,knives and forks.答案others10.An average of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year,makingthe driest year since California became a state in 1850.答案it11.You can ask anyone for help.here is willing to lend you

17、 a hand.答案Everyone/Everybody12.Id appreciateif you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.答案it13.Shed lived in London and Manchester,but she likedand moved to Cambridge.答案neither14.When shall I call,in the morning or afternoon?.Ill be in all day.答案Either15.This is 18-year-old Musa

18、 Bockaries story about how first aid saved(he)life.答案his16.Studying Wendys menu,I found that many of the items are similar toof McDonalds.答案those17.The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal thanon the small ones.答案that18.Sarah madeto the airport just in time to catch her plane this m

19、orning.答案it19.During the rush hour, I have been looking for a taxi but havent foundyet.答案one20.Its an either-or situationwe can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we cant do.答案both考点三冠词1. prize for the winner of the competition is two-week holiday in Paris.答案The;a2.Janes grandmother

20、 had wanted to write a childrens book for many years,but one thing or another always got in way.答案the3.I just heard bank where Dora works was robbed by gunman wearing a mask.答案the;a4.more learned a man is,more modest he usually becomes.答案The;the5.Brian is gifted in writing music;he is very likely to

21、 be Beethoven.答案a6.Life is likeocean:Only the strong-willed can reach the other shore.答案an7.I cant tell youway to the Wilsons because we dont haveWilson here in the village.答案the;a8.It wascold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across the night sky.答案a9.People develop a preference for a

22、particular style of learning atearly age and these preferences affect learning.答案an10.Animals are obviouslylower form of life than humans.答案a11.Four andhalf hours of discussion took us up to midnight,and a break for cheese,chocolate and tea with sugar.答案a12.Marco Polo is said to have sailed onPacifi

23、c Ocean on his way to Java inthirteenth century.答案the;the13.Sarah looked atfinished painting with satisfaction.答案the14.He missedgold in the high jump,but will getsecond chance in the long jump.答案the;a15.The Smiths dont usually like staying at hotels,but last summer they spent a few days at a very ni

24、ce hotel bysea.答案the16.We are said to be living inInformation Age,time of new discoveries and great changes.答案the;a【三年模拟】A组20182020年模拟基础题组考点一名词1.(2020届浙江杭州三校联考, 52)They were asked whether they had experienced conflict or (tense)with somebody that day.答案tension2.(2020届浙江东阳中学模拟,56)There are video came

25、ras on street (corner), vehicles and our own front doors.答案corners3.(2020届浙江9+1联盟,63)Last month, two nurses in Beijing were placed under punishment for putting (lock)on two shared bikes.答案locks4.(2020届浙江高中联盟,60)Since 1994, when Chinese government lifted a long-standing ban on all foreign films, the

26、(grow)in Chinas box office has translated into huge profits for US studios. 答案growth5.(2019浙江名校联盟二模,65)People have used secret (code) throughout history to protect important information. 答案code(s)6.(2019浙江绿色评价联盟,63)All in all, the engineering advancements used to construct these super tall buildings

27、 can turn one mans dream into(real).答案reality7.(2019浙江稽阳联考,59)Calligraphy has influenced the world widely and has even been introduced to many neighboring(country).答案countries8.(2019浙江杭高分校模拟,65) (explore) of the Moon did continue after the astronauts left, but by robots instead of people.答案Explorati

28、on(s)9.(2018浙江杭州一模,59)She thought she would be one of the best known(face) on the cinema screen throughout the world.答案faces10.(2018浙江金丽衢一模,60)I considered these characters to be more significant than(letter).答案letters考点二代词1.(2020届浙江七彩阳光联盟,65)For some, cash is just what they know about. For , cash i

29、s not a necessityespecially when going digital is another alternative.答案others2.(2020届浙江杭州八校,64)Over time,she slowly gained(they) trust. 答案their3.(2020届浙江高中联盟,65)With the maturity of Chinas economy, global players find (they)having a shrinking share of the growing market.答案themselves4.(2020届浙江湖丽衢三地市

30、联考,63)We are so blessed. People from all over the country come to (we) aid. 答案our5.(2019浙江杭州一模,65)Many desired purchases now lie as ruined possessions in my home coated in dirt. The desire for (they) has disappeared with the getting of them.答案them6.(2019浙江杭高分校模拟,62) ESAs idea isnt just to make the s

31、paceships (they) but also to work with other businesses on Earth. 答案themselves7.(2019河南三门峡一中模拟,62)We should know that the education system in the US is very different fromin China.答案 that8.(2019浙江黄岩一模,43)He wanted to show how easywas to use the fork.答案it9.(2019安徽江淮名校11月,47)And a 1955 US ad advised m

32、others to mix the sugary soft drink with(they)babys milk.答案their10.(2018浙江宁波5月模拟,56)When we think about our daily habits and how affect the environment, we often focus on how much water we use.答案they考点三冠词1.(2020届浙江七彩阳光联盟,56)The most recent figures show coins and notes are used just 34% of a time, do

33、wn from 63% decade ago. 答案a2.(2020届浙江杭州八校联考,60)Jane worked as waitress until she got enough money to travel there in 1957.答案a3.(2020届浙江绍兴11月联考,57)Statistics show that nearly 20% of oxygen produced by the Earths land comes from the Amazon rainforest.答案the4.(2019浙江名校协作体,61)Probably the safest place yo

34、u can be inearthquake is in a tall building.答案an5.(2019浙江杭州模拟,56)Memories of past events provide us with a wide range of thoughts and emotions. Childhood memories often open window to laugh and cry.答案a6.(2019浙江杭高分校模拟,59) This was first time anyone had walked on the surface of another world. 答案the7.(

35、2019浙江椒江联考,56)One day their next-door neighbor, retired woman teacher, gave the girl a very beautiful snow-white dress.答案a8.(2018浙江名校联盟二模,57)The square before the temple became very muddy asresult of the rain.答案a9.(2018浙江台州一模, 62)It is not difficult to do it andfollowing example may make this point

36、clear.答案theB组20182020年模拟综合题组Passage 1(综合填空)Mary was a good student in the university and she wanted to be a teacher after 1(graduate). When she graduated, she had a job interview in a high school, but she had no luck.“I noticed a tiny hole in one of my 2(stocking)earlier,” she recalls. “But I knew I

37、d be late if I did 3(something)about it. By the time I got to the interview, it was bigger than before. I walked in, apologizing 4not looking at 5best.” Her friend told her the schools comment was, “If someone doesnt spend time dressing herself to present her best 6(appear)at an interview, what kind

38、 of teacher is she going to be?”In 7 job interview, personal appearance is very important. After all, you are selling yourself to an employer. When going to a job interview, you should brush your hair tidy, and above all, dress 8properly.If you are viewed positively within 9critical first four minut

39、es, the person youve met will probably feel everything you do is positive. If you leave the interviewer a bad impression, he will guess you have a lot of other unsatisfactory characters. Most employers believe that those who care about themselves will care more about 10 jobs.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.答案1

40、.graduation2.stockings3.something4.for5.my6.appearance7.a8.yourself9.the10.theirPassage 2(用所给词的适当形式填空)It was late at night.Two1(German)were sleeping in their room when,one of them,Mrs.Green,was woken up and found a thief slipping into their room to try his 2(lucky).She had three thousand3(dollar)in

41、her pocket.“What should I do? Many4(thief)usually bring5(knife)with them,” she thought in6(silent).And at the same time the thief happened to touch a sports suit.It seemed as if he found there was someone in the room,so he went out to the next room where two7(Frenchman)were sleeping.When he was look

42、ing for8(money)or some9(jewel)in the next room,Mrs.Green woke up her husband quickly and called the police. And then the thief knew what had happened.He was so scared that he took out a knife.Just then the police showed up.Before the thief ran away,the police caught him. Mrs.Green was happy because

43、she didnt need to worry about their10(safe).1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.答案1.Germans2.luck3.dollars4.thieves5.knives6.silence7.Frenchmen8.money9.jewels/jewelry10.safetyPassage 3(冠词填空)When I walked down the Third Avenue,as1rule,I used to look into the windows of2old shop that sold old and beautiful things.Si

44、nce I often took my walk after the closing time,I cupped my hands against3windows to get4small look at the treasures inside.Some things looked as if they had not been noticed for5long time,but I knew their beauty was still there beneath their own surface.I even thought they were6most beautiful thing

45、s that I had ever seen.That was how I felt about7old,too.I knew their value,and it hurt me when others missed it.I was raised by my grandmother and given8deep sense of the value of experience.Taught to behave well,my sister and I respected other people,regardless of their age or color.My grandmother

46、 was loved by all9people around her.She was known to be10wise and kind woman,who was able to do things well even in her last years.Old people should be treated as fine gold.They may be gradually tarnished(失去光泽)by age,but they can be polished with respect.You might be surprised by their bright and shining qualities.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.答案1.a2.an3.the4.a5.a6.the7.the8.a9.the10.a