2021-2022学年新教材高中英语 Unit 4 Living with technology Section A Welcome to the Unit课后巩固提升（含解析）牛津译林版选择性必修第二册.docx

1、Unit 4Living with technologySection AWelcome to the unit & Reading必备知识基础练.单词拼写1.There has been a big (投入) of resources into the project from industry.2.We should develop the students ability to (分析) and solve problems.3.The term “cardboard city” was (创造) to describe communities of homeless people li

2、ving in cardboard boxes.4.The attacker (威胁) me with a gun.5.Stores spend more and more on (罪行) prevention every year.6.The official (敦促) the government not to pass up the opportunity that has now presented itself.7.While the modelling business is by no means easy to get into,the good model,male or f

3、emale,will always be in (需要).8.He glanced briefly towards her but there was no sign of (认出).9.Police are investigating the (盗窃) of computers from the companys offices.10.What is the difference between a hungry man and a (贪心的) man?.短语填空build castles in the air,come true,put forward,to name but a few,

4、get close to,to ones advantage,fall victim to,come into use,in theory,break into1.Different hypotheses have been to explain why these foods are more likely to cause problems.2.Locals are pretty expert at turning the sun ,using it to generate solar power.3.Two robbers her home,held a knife to her thr

5、oat and robbed her savings.4.He was a man who liked to ,but never succeeded in anything.5.This new method should work ,even though it doesnt work in reality.6.There is no denying that more and more artificial intelligence will in our daily life.7.Activities available include squash,archery and swimm

6、ing,.8.It takes me a long time to drop my guard and people.9.The longer a person has smoked,the greater becomes his liability to lung cancer.10.More and more young people are thinking creatively to make their dreams .完成句子1.借给他五百美元的那个人昨天离开纽约去伦敦了。The man five hundred dollars left New York for London y

7、esterday.2.大学的目标是帮助学生实现他们的梦想。The colleges aim is .3.天气这么闷热,十之八九要下雨。 ,ten to one itll rain presently.4.有些科学家表示了担忧,认为这种病可能传染给人类。Some scientists have voiced concern .5.他想出的处理这个问题的方法是非常重要的。The way to deal with the problem was of great importance.6.显然,网上的一些汉语课程有助于你适应汉语环境。 some online courses of spoken Ch

8、inese can be helpful for you to adapt into the Chinese language environment.关键能力提升练.阅读理解A主题语境:人与社会语篇类型:说明文Several Jobs That Will Be Automated by Artificial Intelligence (AI) and RobotsTranslatorImage recognition software and voice recognition software are bringing some major advances to language tra

9、nslation.Applications like Googles Word Lens can translate words from signs and documents in real time and there are a lot of translation apps that allow you to type in a word or phrase and will translate it for you.Some will even speak the phrase for you and raw word-to-word translation will be ful

10、ly automated soon.Fast food workersAutomated ordering booths have already made their way into a few McDonalds restaurants around the world,and cooking positions could be removed next.The booths probably cant handle customer service problems well,so televideo systems could bring in an office employee

11、 to deal with complaints.Field technicianNew advances in the Internet of Things could make this work abandoned.Low-cost sensors combined with high availability cellular/satellite communications and cloud technology are being started to automate and alarm these sites,and can be checked and maintained

12、 from a desktop or mobile device.Sales representativeBut,e-commerce is changing how we make purchasing decisions,especially those where there isnt much differentiation (区分度) among the major competitors.If youre selling a high-differentiation product or a high-price,low-volume (体积) product,you have s

13、ome job security,but if youre selling a high-volume,low-differentiation product,you better start polishing your resume,said Doug Camplejohn,CEO of Fliptop.“These kind of product sales are all moving online.”1.Googles Word Lens can .A.make real-time translationB.speak the phrase or word for youC.tran

14、slate by image and voice recognition softwareD.allow you to type in a word or phrase2.What can we infer from the second part?A.All the restaurants own automated ordering booths.B.Service problems cant be handled automatically.C.Cooks will not be automated by AI and robots.D.Customers will have no co

15、mplaints because of AI.3.What does the author mean by “you better start polishing your resume” in the last paragraph?A.You must value your present work.B.You have some job security.C.You should consider changing the job.D.Your resume needs correcting further.B主题语境:人与社会语篇类型:说明文The Google Brain team h

16、as been working on computing systems called “neural networks”systems that were designed based on how neurons work in the human brain.This time,they gave a mission to three of the neural networks,which they named Alice,Bob and Eve.Each of the networks had its own jobAlice sent messages to Bob,Eve tri

17、ed to “eavesdrop(偷听)” and find out the messages,and Alice and Bob had to figure out a way to hide the messages from Eve.All the help that Alice and Bob got from the researchers before the mission began was made up of a set of numbers,which Eve didnt have access to.At first,Alice was not very good at

18、 sending secret messages.But slowly it worked on a way to encrypt(加密) themputting information into a special code so that others could not understand it if they got the informationusing the numbers given by researchers.And after practice,Bob also came to be able to decrypt (解密) Alices messages.Witho

19、ut the numbers or keys,Eve failed to understand Alices “speech” most of the time.This test is considered a big step in the development of computers learning skills.“Computing with neural networks on this scale has only become possible in the last few years,so we truly are at the beginning of whats p

20、ossible,” Joe Sturonas of US encryption company PKWARE told New Scientist magazine.Unfortunately,the test happened only one week after UK physicist Stephen Hawking,while speaking at Cambridge University,warned how AI(artificial intelligence)could develop a will of its own.This could be “either the b

21、est or the worst thing ever to happen to human being”,he said.But just as Sturonas pointed out,no matter what the possibilities of computers are in the future,they are just starting out.We still have plenty of time to work out a solution before they get anywhere near becoming a threat to humanity.4.

22、For what purpose was the test conducted?A.To study how neurons work in the human brain.B.To study how computing systems work and learn.C.To find out a more effective way to keep secrets.D.To find out a more powerful way to break the codes.5.How does the computing system work in the test?A.encrypting

23、messagescodemessagesdecryptingB.messagesencryptingcodedecryptingmessagesC.codemessagesencryptingdecryptingmessagesD.messagescodedecryptingencryptingmessages6.What can we learn from Hawkings warning?A.AI must be a blessing.B.AI should be forbidden.C.AI is sure to be a failure.D.AI is a double-edged s

24、word.7.Whats Sturonas attitude towards the development of AI?A.Hopeful.B.Doubtful.C.Puzzled.D.Panicked.七选五主题语境:人与社会语篇类型:说明文The advent of high-tech era is still based on the development of human ability to use tools.From ancient times,1 The positive aspects of these abilities were dug out by human su

25、rvival instinct,while the negative ones were ignored because they were insignificant.When organized civilization began to appear on the earth,people began to make vehicles.On the positive side,2 On the negative side,they made the burden of slaves heavier and increased the possibility of civilian upr

26、ising.During the alternation period between the middle ages and the modern world in the 17th and 19th centuries,when the industrial revolution was flourishing,there were many great inventions in the hands of human beings,such as the steam engine and many factories.3 The positive side provided a soli

27、d foundation for scientific exploration,greatly enhanced the power,and greatly enhanced the carrying capacity.The negative side is that the environmental pollution is greatly aggravated.In the 20th century,mankind began to use nuclear energy,and the advantages gained from the 17th to 19th centuries

28、continued to grow substantially.4 But at the same time,the negative effects were also increasing secretly.The leakage of nuclear energy makes the economy of some countries face collapse (such as Japan),and as long as a terrorist has mastered the code for launching a nuclear bomb,human life in the wo

29、rld will be at stake.In the 21st century,the positive and negative aspects brought about by nuclear deterrence have stabilized and stopped growing.5 But the disadvantages are inevitable.For example,the Internet makes many netizens addicted to the Internet,the network crime is rampant,and the develop

30、ment of artificial intelligence to a certain extent may produce self-consciousness,and it is possible to resist human beings with its high intelligence.As for the follow-up,we can only see how human beings decide their own direction.A.human beings began to learn to use stone axes to cut down trees a

31、nd drill wood for fire.B.In addition,nuclear deterrence stabilized the world situation,especially with the coming of the next World War.C.There are both advantages and disadvantages in science and technology.We should treat the rapid development of science and technology with correct eyes.D.they mai

32、nly enhanced the carrying capacity and had more functions.E.The positive and negative aspects increased in proportion.F.However,the Internet,artificial intelligence,new energy development and other emerging fields have greatly benefited mankind.G.So we should resist the bad factors to promote the fu

33、rther development of science and technology.参考答案Section AWelcome to the unit & Reading.1.input2.analyse3.coined4.threatened5.crime6.urged7.demand8.recognition9.theft10.greedy.1.put forward2.to their advantage3.broke into4.build castles in the air5.in theorye into use7.to name but a few8.get close to

34、9.fall victim toe true.1.from whom he borrowed2.to help students achieve their dreams3.With the weather so close and stuffy4.that the disease could be passed on to humans5.that he had thought of6.It is obvious that.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个可以被人工智能和机器人自动操作的工作。1.A细节理解题。根据Translator中的“Applications like

35、Googles Word Lens can translate words from signs and documents in real time and there are a lot of translation apps that allow you to type in a word or phrase and will translate it for you.”可知,谷歌的Word Lens可以进行实时翻译。故选A项。2.B细节理解题。根据第二部分中的“The booths probably cant handle customer service problems well,

36、so televideo systems could bring in an office employee to deal with complaints.”可知,自动订餐亭的服务问题不能自动处理。故选B项。3.C句意猜测题。由最后一段“If youre selling a high-differentiation product or a high-price,low-volume(体积) product,you have some job security,but if youre selling a high-volume,low-differentiation product,you

37、 better start polishing your resume”中的转折连词but可知,“you better start polishing your resume”的意思应该与“you have some job security”相反,所以该句暗含的意思是 “你应该考虑改变工作”。故选C项。【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了谷歌智囊团做了一项测试研究“神经网络”计算系统,这项测试被认为是计算机学习技能发展的一大步。4.B推理判断题。根据第一段内容和第四段中“This test is considered a big step in the development of co

38、mputers learning skills.”可知,进行测试的目的是研究计算机系统如何工作和学习。故选B项。5.B细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知,计算系统在测试中工作的过程是:得到信息加密生成代码解密得到信息。故选B项。6.D推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知,霍金的话表明人工智能是一把双刃剑。故选D项。7.A推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,斯图纳斯对人工智能的发展持充满希望的态度。故选A项。.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章讲述了科技发展的历史,说明高科技时代的到来仍然是基于人类使用工具能力的发展,并阐述了不同阶段科技发展的优缺点。1.A空格前是逗号,讲述古代人们运用工具的情况,首字母不大写

39、,确定A、D项。A项中的“use stone axes to cut down trees and drill wood for fire”对应下文的“these abilities”,且与第一段的“human ability to use tools”呼应。故选A项。2.D空格前是逗号,所填句子首字母不大写,确定A、D项。根据“On the positive side”可知,此处描述人们制作交通工具的积极影响,D项中的“enhanced the carrying capacity and had more functions”说明了其积极作用,与下文的“On the negative sid

40、e”相互呼应。故选D项。3.E上文说明17、19世纪人类有许多发明,下文说明了这些发明的积极作用和消极作用都提高了,因此推断空格处承上启下,故E项“积极方面和消极方面都按比例增加”符合语境。故选E项。4.B上文说明核能的出现以及优势大幅度增加,下文说明其消极影响也大幅度提高。因此推断空格处也是在讲述核能的优势,B项中的“In addition”与上文构成递进关系,继续说明核能的益处,即“nuclear deterrence stabilized the world situation”。故选B项。5.F下文说明互联网带来的不利之处,由But可推断,空格处说明互联网、人工智能等的积极的影响,F项“然而,互联网、人工智能、新能源开发等新兴领域给人类带来了巨大的利益”与下文的举例一致,且“greatly benefited mankind”说明了它们的好处,与下文是转折关系。故选F项。