优化方案高考英语二轮总复习——讲义课件（全国卷Ⅱ）：第1部分 语法专题突破 专题2第2讲 .ppt

1、第2讲介词和介词短语专题2 形容词、副词、介词和介词短语2016高考导航适用于全国卷专题2 形容词、副词、介词和介词短语考查点201520142013命题趋势介词全国卷短文改错第二处in全国卷短文改错第四处for未考介词的考查形式多样，除了单纯考查介词的基本用法外，还常考查介词与其他词的搭配。此外，在定语从句中，也常考查“介词关系代词”的用法。在短文改错中以考查介词的误用和漏用为主。因此在学习时要注意介词的一词多义；介词短语搭配；熟记考查频率较高的介词短语；掌握语境语义。介词短语全国卷47题at the same time1.全国卷44题(next)to 2.全国卷短文改错第九处(listen

2、)to全国卷短文改错第七处(have a connection)with/to1.(2015高考全国卷，语法填空，节选)When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough to cool the house during the hot day；_the same time，they warm up again for the night.2(2015云南昆明三模)The watches arrived in stores_late April.They are sold at dif

3、ferent prices，beginning at$349.考点一 高频介词atin3(2016辽宁葫芦岛高三联考)The largest quantity of illegal drugs ever was found_a London flat yesterday.4(2015海口二模)_his incredible talent，Messi has surprised the world.inWith1at(1)表示时间的一点，时刻等，如：at 12：00，at noon(在中午)，at night(在夜里)，at midnight(在半夜)，at dawn/daybreak(在黎明，

4、破晓)，at sunrise/sunset(在日出/日落)，at dusk(在黄昏)。(2)固定搭配：laugh at，at the same time，be surprised at，be good at等。2in(1)表示在某个较长的时间内(如：世纪、朝代、年代、月份及泛指上午、下午和傍晚等)，如：in the 1980s/1980s，in the Qing Dynasty，in October，in the morning/afternoon/evening。(2)表示地点：in Beijing，in the classroom。3on(1)用于表示具体的日子或一个特定的时间(如：某日、

5、某节日、星期几等)，如：on October the first，on a rainy day，on National Day等。(2)用于表示特定的上午、下午或晚上，如：on Christmas Eve(在圣诞前夕)，on the morning of January the third等。(3)准时，按时：on time。4by(1)不涉及交通工具的名词时用by，名词前不带冠词。如：by sea，by water，by land，by air等。(2)涉及交通工具的名词时用by，但名词需用单数，其前面不加冠词和任何修饰语。如：by bike，by taxi，by plane，by ship

6、/boat，by train，by spaceship等。5with含义例句和一起,和,同，跟具有，带有Put this bag with the others.把这个包和其他的包放在一起。The dictionary is what I want，but I dont have enough money with me.这本字典正是我想要的，但是我没带够钱。含义例句(表示同时或同一方向)随着(2014高考江苏卷，书面表达，节选)With the number of English learners on the rise，its not difficult for them to under

7、stand these words in Chinese contexts.随着英语学习者的数量越来越多，对他们来说在汉语的上下文里理解这些英语单词并不是很困难。含义例句由于，因为(表示方式)用(2014高考北京卷，书面表达，节选)There was a problem with the parking place for bikes in our school.在我们学校自行车存放处有一个长久以来就存在的问题。What will you buy with the money？你会用这笔钱买什么？单句语法填空1(2015大庆市二轮复习检测)The advertisement said that

8、 a suitable house in a quiet area was up for sale_a reasonable price，and the house was within a stones throw of a railway station from which there were frequent trains to the big city.2(2015重庆顶级名校5月模拟)A farmer，Mr.Tan，said that the storm began early_the morning and lasted for over an hour.atin3(2015云

9、南保山高三针对性训练)They say that compared to children who grow up in homes_smokers，children with parents who smoke have smaller lungs and more illnesses.4(2015四川乐山模拟)_its first day of trading，Shake Shack went from$21 a share to just under$46 a share.withoutOn1(2015吉林松花江中学调研)He searched_the bag day and night

10、.He also sent his workers in search but none could find it.2(2015四川南充自主诊断)Look back and think how often youve judged roughly，said unkind things，pushed yourself ahead_the cost of a friend.考点二 介词短语forat3(2015哈尔滨二模)At first，they went on a day trip，taking advantage_special trip tickets on the railways.o

11、f一、介词与某些词类的搭配1形容词与介词的固定搭配形容词at形容词of形容词withangry，mad，good，bad，clever，surprised，excited，disappointed等afraid，frightened，ashamed，aware，convinced，short，full，fond，proud等angry，connected，content，familiar,patient,pleased，popular，satisfied，strict等形容词in形容词to形容词for形容词aboutweak，different，rich，interested，successf

12、ul，absorbed，disappointed，experienced，confident等good，polite，kind，cruel，rude，close，similar，familiar等sorry，famous，fit，unfit，eager，anxious，hungry，responsible等sorry，anxious，careless，certain，curious，enthusiastic，particular，optimistic等2.名词与介词的固定搭配名词to名词in名词onkey，answer，visit，apology，introduction，attitude，m

13、onument，devotion等interest，expert等congratulations，effect等3.动词与介词的固定搭配动词about动词for动词at动词fromspeak，talk，think，worry等answer，call，apply，beg，care，charge，hunt，hope，wish，long，search，seek等aim，call，glare，glance，knock，laugh，point，stare等date，die，differ，hear，keep，stop，prevent，learn，protect，result，separate，suffer

14、等动词of动词on动词in动词into动词toapprove，complain，consist，die，dream，think等call，carry，depend，feed，insist，pass，try，rely等break，call，cut，drop，fill，get，hand，join，persist，result，succeed等burst，change，divide等agree，attend，belong，compare，devote，get，lead，object，point，refer，reply，see等二、高频介词短语荟萃1表示“状态”的介词短语at a loss不知所措 a

15、t dinner在吃晚餐at peace处于和平状态 at war在战争中at work在工作 in high spirits情绪高昂in need处于困难中 in order整齐in rags穿着破烂 in surprise吃惊in trouble在困难中 on business因公出差on duty在值班 on holiday/vacation在度假on sale在出售 on show在展出on strike在罢工 on the way在途中out of balance失去平衡 out of control失去控制out of danger脱离危险 out of date过期out of

16、order出故障 out of work失业2.表示“方式”的介词短语by accident偶然地 by chance偶然地by hand手工地 by mistake错误地by nature天生地 by the month按月算by turns轮流 by weight按重量in cash用现金支付 in detail详细地in size在大小上 with ease轻易地with joy高兴地 with pleasure愉快地3表示“超出；难以”含义的介词短语beyond compare 无与伦比beyond comprehension 难以理解beyond control 失控beyond d

17、escription 难以描述beyond expression 难以表达beyond reach 够不到4其他高频介词短语against nature 违背自然at dawn 在黎明at the cost of 以的代价at the mercy of 任凭的摆布at the sight of 一看到就at the age of 在岁时in(the)face of 面对，面临in addition to 另外in case of 万一in charge of 负责，主管in exchange of 作为交换in favor of 赞成，支持in honor of 为了纪念in need of

18、需要in a hurry 匆忙in the hope of 带着的希望in no way 决不in preparation for 为作准备in response to 作为回应in return for 作为回报in spite of 尽管，虽然in the charge of 在的管理之下in the possession of 被拥有on account of 因为on behalf of 代表on condition that 在的条件下单句语法填空1(2015辽宁抚顺重点中学模拟)We can also turn to our English teacher for help，if

19、necessary.In short，I believe that it is_great use to keep a diary in English for the development of our writing skills.2(2015吉林长春市第二中学高三诊断)He then turned off the light and buried his head in the pillow.But even so he could not shut_the noise.Finally，his patience was gone.ofoff3(2016四川广安高三联考)White fa

20、t stores extra energy，which results_weight gain.4(2015云南师范大学附中考前适应性练习)Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered.She found some good quality pipes_sale.inon技法1 熟记介词用法介词与动词、名词、形容词、副词、其他介词等的习惯搭配比较固定，是高考考查的热点和难点。考生要准确掌握同一介词与不同词搭配以及不同介词与同一词搭配的准确含义，解题时要注意把握语境，从而轻松确定答案。在短文改错题中，会考查一些介词错用或漏用的题目。(2

21、015高考全国卷，语法填空，节选)For those who fly to Guilin，its only an hour away_car and offers all the scenery of the betterknown city.【解析】句意：对于那些乘坐飞机去桂林的人来说，(去阳朔)只需要一个小时的车程，而且路上可以一览这座更为著名的城市(桂林)的所有景色。by car为固定 搭 配，意为“乘汽车”，故填by。by技法2 巧记固定搭配高考卷对于介词基本用法的考查主要在语篇型语法填空和短文改错中，以在具体语境中考查高频介词的形式出现。(2014高考全国卷，语法填空，节选)One morning,I was waiting_the bus stop，worried about being late for school.【解析】句意：一天早上,我在公共汽车站等候，担心上学迟到。表示出现的场所、位置、空间或地点用at。故填at。at本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放