2024年高考英语一轮复习（新人教版） 第1部分 教材知识解读 选择性必修第二册 Unit 5　First Aid.docx

1、.认阅读单词1leaflet n散页印刷品；传单；小册子2organ n(人或动植物的)器官3toxin n毒素(尤指细菌产生的致病物质)4ray n光线；光束；(热、电等)射线5radiation n辐射；放射线6acid n酸 adj.酸的；酸性的7millimetre n毫米；千分之一米8layer n层；表层；层次9blister n(皮肤上因摩擦、烫伤等引起的)水疱；(金属等表面的)气泡、水泡10underneath prep.& adv.在底下；隐藏在下面11fabric n织物；布料；(社会、机构等的)结构12paramedic n急救医生；护理人员13bathtub n浴缸；浴

2、盆14mosquito n(pl.-oes，-os)蚊子15IV needle静脉注射针16vital sign生命体征17ward n病房18sprain vt.扭伤(关节) n扭伤19ankle n踝；踝关节20diner n(尤指餐馆的)就餐者21steak n牛排；肉排22obstruction n阻碍；堵塞；阻塞物23motion n运动；移动24manual n使用手册；说明书 adj.用手的；手工的；体力的；手控的25membership n会员身份；全体会员；会员人数.记重点单词1technique n技能；技术；技艺2victim n受害者；患者3nerve n神经4swal

3、low vt.& vi.吞下；咽下5wrap vt.包、裹；(用手臂等)围住6bath n洗澡；(BrEbathtub)浴缸；浴盆 vt.(NAmEbathe)给洗澡7slip vi.滑倒；滑落；溜走 n滑倒；小错误；纸条8elderly adj.年纪较大的；上了年纪的(婉辞)9carpet n地毯10ambulance n救护车11delay vi.& vt.推迟；延期(做某事) vt.耽误；耽搁 n延误；耽搁(的时间)；推迟12needle n针；缝衣针；注射针；指针13drown vi.& vt.(使)淹死；溺死；浸泡；淹没14panic vi.& vt.(使)惊慌 n惊恐；恐慌15sc

4、ream vi.& vt.(因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊；大声叫 n尖叫；尖锐刺耳的声音16fellow adj.同类的；同事的；同伴的；同情况的 n男人；家伙；同事；同辈；同类17choke vi.& vt.(使)窒息；(使)哽咽；噎住18throat n咽喉；喉咙19desperate adj.绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的20slap vt.(用手掌)打、拍 n(用手掌)打、拍；拍击声21fist n拳；拳头22grab vt.抓住；攫取 n抓取；抢夺23welfare n幸福；福祉；安康；福利24collapse vi.(突然)倒塌；(因病等)昏倒25suburb n郊区；城外.知拓展单词1m

5、inor adj.较小的；次要的；轻微的minority n少数；少数民族2electric adj.电的；用电的；电动的electrical adj.与电有关的electricity n电；电学3swollen adj.(身体部位)肿起的；肿胀的swell vi.(swelled，swollen)膨胀，肿胀4loose adj.松的；未系紧的；宽松的loosely adv.松散地；粗略地loosen vi.& vt.(使)变松5urgent adj.紧急的；急迫的；急切的urge vt.力劝；敦促；强烈要求 n强烈的欲望6ease vi.& vt.使(宽慰)；减轻；缓解 n容易；舒适；自在e

6、asy adj.容易的easily adv.容易地7operator n电话接线员；操作员operate vt.操作；运转；动手术operation n运转；手术8bleeding n流血；失血bleed vi.(bled，bled)流血；失血blood n血液；血9interrupt vi.& vt.打断；打扰 vt.使暂停；使中断interruption n打扰10practical adj.切实可行的；实际的；实践的practice n练习；实践；惯例 v练习practically adv.几乎；差不多；实际上11tightly adv.紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地tight adj.牢固的；

7、紧身的；绷紧的；严密的 adv.紧紧地；牢固地tighten v(使)变紧；(使)更加严格12justify vt.证明有道理；为辩护；是的正当理由justice n正义；公正13foggy adj.有雾的fog n雾1kidnap vt.& n拐走；绑架2kindergarten n幼儿园3kitchen n厨房4knowledge n知识；学问5landscape n风景；景色6lame adj.跛的；瘸的；残废的7laughter n笑；笑声8launch vt.发射；发起(运动).背核心短语1sense of touch触觉2electric shock触电；电击3help sb to

8、 ones feet帮助某人站起身来4face up/down面朝上(朝下)5sleep in迟起；睡过头；睡懒觉6out of shape健康状况不好7prevent.from.阻止8a variety of各种各样的9suffer from遭受.悟经典句式1As you can imagine，getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.(as引导的非限制性定语从句)正如你能想象的，被灼伤可能会导致非常严重的损伤。2Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary，unless you see

9、the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.(unless引导的条件状语从句)如有必要，用剪刀剪掉烧伤部位的衣服，除非你看到衣服与被烧伤的皮肤粘连在一起。3If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns，there is an urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once.(there is an urgent need to do sth 急需做某事)如果伤者是二度或三度烧伤，必须立刻送往医院。4They suggested he

10、 eat more slowly and take smaller bites before they left.suggest (that) sb (should) do sth 建议某人做某事离开前，他们建议他吃饭要细嚼慢咽，小口进食。请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。Many leaflets and manuals offer practical techniques on first aid，which state that calling emergency numbers without 1.delay is the first step.Bu

11、t before paramedics in the ambulance come，you can save yourself or look after others welfare by using first aid.If you get burned by radiation，acids or other chemicals，dont 2.panic or scream.Instead，remove any clothes unless you see fabric sticking to the burned skin.Then wash it under the running w

12、ater.With your skin swollen and full of blisters or with your nerves damaged，there is an 3.urgent need to rush to the hospital.Swallowing foods too quickly can cause you to get 4.choked on steak，toast or anything else with ease.Then，people around you can slap on your back，forcing the obstruction out

13、.As for a 5.bleeding nose，neither should you keep your face up，nor should you press the nose 6.tightly.You can use the mouth-to-mouth rescue breathing method to save a drowned man.You can apply cold water to the sprained ankle.All in all，learning some knowledge about first aid makes a great differen

14、ce.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇 ease n容易；舒适；自在 vt.& vi.减轻；缓解；使安心；(使)宽慰with ease容易地；不费力地at ease舒适；悠闲；自在put/set sb at ease使某人放松/自在(1)因为极度紧张我的心怦怦跳，但是她的热情欢迎很快使我放松了下来。她既聪明又幽默，和她在一起我感到很自在。(读后续写之情绪描写)My heart pounded with extreme nervousness，but her warm welcome soon put me at ease.She was smart and humorous and I fe

15、lt at ease with her.(2)打篮球是缓解我们巨大学习压力的最好方法，同时我们也能从中找到一些乐趣。(话题写作之体育运动)Playing basketball serves as the best way to ease our great study pressure and find some pleasure at the same time.(3)如果你每天坚持用英语写日记，你会很容易提高你的书面英语。(话题写作之语言学习)If you insist on keeping diaries in English every day，you can improve your

16、 written English with ease.Insist on keeping diaries in English every day，and you can improve your written English with ease.(用“祈使句and陈述句”改写) panic vi.& vt.(panicked；panicked；panicking)(使)惊慌 n惊慌；惊恐panic sb into doing sth 使某人仓皇行事get into a panic陷入恐慌in panic惊慌失措地；处在恐慌中(1)When people heard the urgent n

17、ews，they fled the village in panic.(2)简陷入恐慌，她的心如此剧烈跳动，她感觉快要窒息了。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)Jane got into a panic，and her heart beat so violently that she felt nearly choked.(3)野狼的嚎叫吓得我尖叫起来，我不知道如何缓解这无法抗拒的恐惧。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)The roar of the wild wolf panicked me into screaming，and I wasnt aware of how to ease the overwh

18、elming panic. desperate adj.绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的(desperately adv.绝望地；拼命地；极严重地；非常需要)be desperate for sth 渴望某物be desperate to do sth 渴望做某事(1)I desperately(desperate) need your assistance because I have an urgent matter to handle.(2)看到考试的结果，我是如此绝望，以至于我感觉好像被撕成了碎片，我一时间失去了信心。(读后续写之绝望心理描写)Seeing the result of t

19、he exam，I was so desperate that I felt as if I were torn into pieces and confidence seemed to desert me for a moment.Seeing the result of the exam，so desperate was I that I felt as if I were torn into pieces and confidence seemed to desert me for a moment.(倒装句)(3)我渴望有机会成为一名志愿者。我的确希望您能给我这个宝贵的机会。(应用文写

20、作之申请信)I am desperate for the chance to be a volunteer.I do hope you can offer me the precious opportunity.Desperate for the chance to be a volunteer，I do hope you can offer me the precious opportunity.(用形容词短语作状语改写)用法点拨表示“渴望某物/做某事”的短语还有：be eager for sth/to do sth，be anxious for sth/to do sth，long for

21、 sth/to do sth，be dying for sth/to do sth help sb to ones feet帮助某人站起身来struggle to ones feet挣扎着站起来rise to ones feet站起来；起身jump to ones feet跳起来drag ones feet拖着脚stamp ones feet跺脚(1)看到那个男孩在街上晕倒了，我冲过去帮他站起来，并给他叫了辆救护车。Seeing the boy collapse on the street，I dashed to help him to his feet and called an ambul

22、ance for him.(2)跑步时，大卫被一块石头绊倒了，但是他挣扎着站起来，拖着脚向终点线前进。几乎所有的观众都站起来，为他加油。(2022新高考全国，读后续写)While running，David tripped over a stone，but he struggled to his feet and dragged his feet towards the finish line.Almost all the audience rose to their feet，cheering for him.(3)詹妮父亲的回答犹如火上浇油，她从座位上跳起来，生气地直跺脚，一句话也说不出来

23、。(读后续写之愤怒心理描写)The reply of Jennys father again fueled her anger.She jumped to her feet from her seat and stamped her feet in anger，not uttering a word. face down/up面朝下/上be faced withface sth 面临in the face of面对lose face丢面子/丢脸make a face (at)皱眉头；做苦相；做鬼脸(1)当看到一个男孩脸朝下从校车上摔下来时，我紧急刹车，冲出车门，向他冲去。(读后续写之动作链描写

24、)When seeing a boy fall off a school bus，face down，I braked my car urgently，rushed out of my car and charged at him.(2)我强烈建议你学英语的时候不要害怕丢脸。(应用文写作之建议信)I strongly suggest that you shouldnt be afraid of losing face when you learn English.(3)面对巨大的挑战，我永远不会放弃，直到我最终成功。In the face of great challenges，never w

25、ill I give up until I finally succeed.(in the face of)Faced with great challenges，never will I give up until I finally succeed.(过去分词短语作状语；be faced with)(4)调皮的男孩悄悄地靠近陌生人，对他做了个鬼脸，然后打掉了他的宽边帽。(读后续写之动作描写)The naughty boy silently approached the stranger，made a face at him and then knocked off his broad-br

26、immed hat. out of shape健康状况不好；变形in good/bad shape健康状况良好/不佳keep/be in shape保持健康in the shape of以的形状/形式(1)You have been sitting on the elderly womans hat and now it is badly out of shape.(2)The lazy fellow hadnt been training for months and was really out of shape/in bad shape.(3)She jogs for an hour i

27、n the suburbs every morning to keep/be in shape.(4)Some lanterns are in the shape of fruits and they look beautiful in the gentle light of the moon. as引导非限制性定语从句 As you can imagine，getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.正如你能想象的，被灼烧可能会导致非常严重的损伤。as引导非限制性定语从句时，常在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，从句可位于句首、句中或句末。as引

28、导定语从句的常用句式有：as is known to us all/as we all know众所周知as we can see正如我们所看到的as is reported正如报道的那样as is often the case这是常有的事as is mentioned above正如上面所提到的(1)我们能够从历史中找到一些问题的解决方法，这是常有的事。As is often the case，we can probably find solutions to some problems from history.(2)众所周知，实施切实可行的措施对海洋保护有重大作用。(2022全国甲，书面

29、表达)As is known to us all/As we all know，performing practical measures makes a great difference to ocean protection.(as引导的非限制性定语从句)What is known to us all is that performing practical measures makes a great difference to ocean protection.(what引导的主语从句)It is known to us all that performing practical me

30、asures makes a great difference to ocean protection.(it作形式主语)(3)正如你在短视频中所看到的，英语口语俱乐部的成员不仅可以担当外国游客的导游而且他们还可以参加全国英语演讲比赛。(2022天津3月，书面表达)As you can see in the short video，not only can members of the Spoken English Club serve as tourist guides for foreign tourists but they can also engage in the National

31、 English Speech Contest.(4)正如所报道的，越来越多的青少年转向在线学习，在线学习既可以使他们接触最新的知识又可以节省时间。More and more teenagers turn to online learning，as is reported，which can save time as well as enable them to be exposed to the latest knowledge.1Even though this technique wont work for everyone，it helps many people get a good

32、 store of ideas to draw on.(2022新高考全国)即使这种方法并不对所有人奏效，但它可以帮助许多人获得大量可以借鉴的想法。2Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.(2022全国乙)只需写日记记录朋友的生日和其他重要日期，就可以确保你不会遗漏任何事情。3There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20

33、 care homes in the North East，and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.(2022新高考全国)现在有700名老人在东北部的20家养老院照顾母鸡，该慈善机构已获得财政支持以在全国范围内推广。4Can a small group of drones guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and，at the same time，help railway operators save billions

34、of euros each year？(2022全国乙)一小群无人机能在保证铁路安全可靠的同时又能帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元吗？提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇.一词多义练/熟词生义练清除阅读障碍1desperate(1)Doctors were fighting a desperate battle to save the little girls life. C (2)The operator was so desperate for a job that he would have done anything. A (3)I decided to hug Tom tightly

35、 when he was in such a desperate position. B 2ease(1)As we expected，he settled the minor problem with ease. B (2)I was not entirely at ease with the fellow who liked making jokes. C (3)I eased her mind by telling her that her skin was slightly swollen. A 3swallow(1)After the operation you may find i

36、t difficult to chew and swallow. B (2)I watched her walk down the road until she was swallowed by the darkness. C (3)I found her excuse very hard to swallow. D (4)Youre going to have to swallow your pride and ask for your job back. A 4快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思(1)Money was always tight，but we had a roof

37、 over our heads.(经济)紧张的(2)She was rushed to hospital after her collapse at work.昏倒(3)Every animal sleeps，but the reason for this has remained foggy.不清楚的(4)It is not what we do once in a while that shapes our lives but what we do consistently.形成；塑造.核心知识强化练巩固语言知识1He presented me with a bunch of flower

38、s and then we hugged each other tightly(tight)2He reached out a hand，grabbed(grab) her arm and dragged her back.(读后续写之动作链描写)3The photographer was desperate to achieve(achieve) his goal to win others respect.4He wrapped(wrap) his arms around me and whispered，“You are bound to succeed.”5The photograph

39、er slipped(slip) downstairs，tiptoed out of the house and disappeared into the darkness.(读后续写之动作链描写)6What astonished me was that he delayed taking(take) immediate action and missed a precious chance.7Whenever some problems arose，he was bound to chat with me continually to put me at ease.8Every time y

40、ou feel panicked(panic)，youd better take a deep breath and try to relax yourself.9What astonishes me most is that he is out of shape now because of years of hard work.10A student interrupted(interrupt) me in class by asking me a question contrary to my requirement.单句写作应用文增分练话题写作之人际关系消除和朋友的误解1得知你渴望消除

41、你和朋友之间的误解，我写信给你一些建议。(be desperate to do)Learning that you are desperate to break down the misunderstanding between you and your friend，I am writing to offer you some suggestions.2我强烈建议你们俩冷静下来。(suggest)I strongly suggest that you both (should) keep calm.3除非你们面对面地彼此交流，否则，你们之间的误解不会解决。(unless)The misund

42、erstanding between you wont be settled unless both of you communicate with each other face to face.4另外，你们急需设身处地为彼此着想。(there is an urgent need to do)Besides，there is an urgent need for you to put yourselves into each others shoes.5众所周知，彼此的理解可以融化对方心中的坚冰。(as引导的非限制性定语从句)As is known to us all/As we all k

43、now，mutual understanding can melt the ice in each others hearts.微型写作续写提能练教材续写语料1情感描写panic vi.& vt.(使)惊慌 n惊恐；恐慌scream vi.& vt.(因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊；大声叫choke vi.& vt.(使)窒息；(使)哽咽；噎住desperate adj.绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的desperately adv.绝望地；非常2动作描写swallow vt.& vi.吞下；咽下wrap vt.包、裹；(用手臂等)围住bath vt.(NAmEbathe)给洗澡slip vi.滑倒；滑落

44、；溜走drown vi.& vt.(使)淹死；溺死；浸泡；淹没slap vt.(用手掌)打、拍grab vt.抓住；攫取collapse vi.(突然)倒塌；(因病等)昏倒ease vi.& vt.使(宽慰)；减轻；缓解tightly adv.紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地tighten vt.& vi.(使)变紧；(使)加紧help sb to ones feet帮助某人站起身来face up/down面朝上(朝下)3环境描写foggy adj.有雾的续写语料运用请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。在一个有雾的早晨，一只野狼溜进了我们的房子。我和我弟弟吓得尖叫起来。

45、我们的喉咙发紧，几乎要窒息而死。我弟弟被无穷无尽的恐惧淹没了，他用胳膊紧紧地抱着我，他几乎要昏倒了。在那时，我看到一根粗棍，我猛地推开弟弟的胳膊，抓起棍，拼命地向狼砸去。狼嚎叫着逃跑了。我使劲咽了口唾沫，跌跌撞撞地走向我颤抖的弟弟，帮助他站起来，拍着他的后背以缓解他的紧张。On a foggy morning，a wild wolf slipped into our house.My brother and I were panicked into screaming.Our throats tightened and we nearly choked to death.My brother

46、was drowned into limitless panic.He wrapped his arms around me tightly and he nearly collapsed.At that time，seeing a thick stick，I jerked away my brothers arms，grabbed the stick and desperately smashed it to the wolf.The wolf fled in roars.I swallowed hard.I stumbled to my trembling brother，helped him to his feet and slapped him on the back to ease his nervousness.