2022届高考英语一轮复习 课时作业（十五）必修⑤Unit 3 Science and nature课时作业（含解析）牛津译林版.docx

1、课时作业(十五)必修Unit3Scienceandnature.阅读理解 2021郑州高三第一次质测Somethingstrangehasbeenhappeningtomelately: WomeninthestreethavebeentellingmeImbrave.MyactofcourageisntmuchIjuststoppedcoloringmyhair.IhadbrownhairthatstartedgoinggraywhenIwas30.So, likealotofwomen, Istarteddyeing (染) it.Itwasexpensiveandtimeconsumin

2、g.Andmyhairgrowsfast, soIneededtogobacktothehairsalon (美发厅) every5weeks.Manypeopleseemtoenjoyholdingontotheiryouthforaslongaspossible, givingotherstheimpressionthattheydonthavemuchwisdomormanyaccomplishments.Butourhairstartstoturngrayandsuddenlywestartspending$500ormoreayeartocoversomethingourmaleco

3、lleaguesdontneedtocover.Ofcourse, peopleshoulddowhattheywanttodowiththeirownbodymymotheris91andstillhas“blonde”hair, andwhynot? IjustwishmoreofuswouldfeelthatitisOKtobeourselves, becausegoinggrayhasdonemoreformethansavingmetimeandmoney.Ilikemynaturalhair, justasitis.Ilikehowithasgotcurlyagain.Itisre

4、coveringafteryearsofbeingdamagedbychemicals.Ialsolikethatithasgivenmesomeneededattitudeinasocietythatmakesyouthseemsoimportant, whilebeingagainstmaturity.ItremindsmethatImnotakidanymoreandthisisntabadthing.NotbeingakidanymoremeansIreadthebooksIwant, andnotthebooksIfeelIshouldread.Itmeansnotwastingmy

5、timeateventsIdontneedtoattendwhenIdratherbewithmyfamilyandfriends.WhenIseemyhairinthemirror, itsareminderthatmytimeislimited, andIshouldspenditdoingwhatmatters.Theresnothingshamefulaboutgrowingolder.Andpretendingitsnothappeningisawayofgivingupourpower.Iseemygrayhairasalittleactofrebellion (反叛) again

6、sttheideathatpeoplelosevalueastheyage, insteadofgainingit.Iseegrayhairasmy“flag”andImlettingitflyproudly.1Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutcoloringhair?AItshowspeoplesgreatcourage.BItisagoodwaytoholdontoyouth.CItshowswisdomandaccomplishments.DItcostsmuchmoneyandittakesmuchtimetodothat.2Whatshouldwedowhenweg

7、rowoldaccordingtotheauthor?AGiveupourpower.BPretendtobestillyoung.CAcceptitandactpositively.DReadasmanybooksaspossible.3Whatistheauthorsmainpurposeinwritingthispassage?AToexplainwhyyouthisvalued.BToshareheropinionongrowingolder.CTostresstheimportanceofdifferentattitudes.DToanalyzetheadvantagesanddis

8、advantagesofaging.4Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?AHoldingontoYouthBDyeingYourHairCGainingValuewithAgeDValuingWisdomofAge.七选五2021山东高考第一次模拟Travellingwithfriendscanbeanabsolutelyamazingexperiencewhereyoucouldmakelifelongmemoriesoritcouldendupruiningyourfriendship._1_Herearesomerulesyoushouldfollo

9、wtomakesureyournexttripwithfriendsgoesassmoothlyaspossible._2_Sure, youandyourfriendsprobablyhavesomesimilarinterests, butthatsnotalwaysthecase.Inanefforttokeepeveryonehappy, goovertravelplansandexpectationsaheadoftime.Haveeachpersoncategorizeactivitiesorsightsinto“mustsee”“wanttosee”and“wouldgoifwe

10、havetime”.Planaccordinglyandmakesureeveryonecanseesomeoftheirtopattractions.Communicateandrespecteachother.Everyonehaspersonalpreferenceswhentravellingfromgettingthebedclosesttothebathroomorsittingintheairplaneswindowseat.Butsometimesthingsdontgoasyoulike.Inthiscase, shareyourrequirementsdirectlywit

11、hyourtravelcompanions._3_Haveaconversationwhenproblemsarise, forcommunicationisthekey.Dontdisappear.Whentravellingwithagrouporevenjustoneotherpersonyoumaywantalonesometime.Thatscompletelyfine, butmakesureyourfriendsknowwhereyouareandhaveawayofcontactingyou._4_Getoffyourphone.Ofcourse, yourfriendswil

12、lunderstandifyouneedtotakeacallfromafamilymember, orintheeventofaworkemergency, butotherthanthat, trytostayoffyourphone._5_Afterall, theappealofthistypeoftripistospendtimewithfriends.Justenjoyit!AGiveeachothersomespace.BIncludeatleastoneactivityforeveryone.CAndrememberthatconsiderationandrespectgoal

13、ongway.DAtthesametime, listentotheirconcernsandberespectfulofthem.EDontrespondtononurgentworkcontactorsendmessagesfrequently.FItsespeciallytrueoftravellinginforeigncountriesorunfamiliarplaces.GSoitsimportanttomakesureyouandyourfriendsareonthesamepage.完形填空2021枣庄市高三模拟WhenyouwalkthroughthedoorsofMorton

14、PlantHospitalonanearlyTuesdayafternoon, youllbegreetedbythecomfortingvoiceofMaryEllenOwens.Owens, whoisnow98, started_1_atthehospitalafterherhusbanddiednearly20yearsago.“Myhusbandwasa(n) _2_here, offandonforaboutsixweeksoverfouryears，”she_3_.“Everyoneatthehospitalhadbeensogoodtouswhenhewassick.”Tosh

15、owher_4_，Owenswantedtogivebackinabigway.“Idonthaveseveralmilliondollars, butIcangivemy_5_，”shesaid.Owensisapproaching7,000hoursinvolunteertime.“Iusedtogivethreedaysaweek，”shesaid.“NowIm_6_.IdontgetaroundasmuchasI_7_，soIonlygiveonedayaweek.”Togettoherweeklyfourhour_8_，Owensreceivesaridefromavolunteer

16、whoshenowcallsherfriend.“Every_9_，Richardpicksmeupfrommyhomeandbringsmehere，”shesaid.“Idontbelievepeopleofmyageshouldbe_10_.”Inheryoungeryears, OwensusedtowalkupanddownthefashionrunwaysinNewYorkCityandRichmond, Virginia.Shealsohada(n) _11_tobeinthe1939classicfilmGonewiththeWind.Becauseshehadotherwor

17、katthetime, however, Owens_12_toturnitdown.“WhatIdidntdoinmylifeismore_13_thanwhatIvedone，”shelaughs._14_shesinhergoldenyears, Owensplanstocontinuetoliveherlifewith_15_bygreetingeachpatientwithasmile.1A.volunteeringBtrainingCworkingDnursing2A.doctorBexpertCpatientDassistant3A.commentedBpromisedCresp

18、ondedDexplained4A.attitudeBappreciationCsympathyDresponse5A.handBloveCsmileDtime6A.oldBstrongCsickDlucky7A.hadtoBhopedtoCusedtoDoughtto8A.standBrideCturnDshift9A.dayBMondayCmorningDTuesday10A.strugglingBdrivingCrunningDchanging11A.partBcharacterCperformanceDopportunity12A.decidedBhopedCagreedDhappen

19、ed13A.difficultBinterestingCwellpaidDchallenging14A.NowthatBGuessingthatCSupposingthatDExceptthat15A.reliefBsuccessCpurposeDspirit.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。2021菏泽市模拟HonoluluisthecapitalandlargestcityoftheUS.stateofHawaii, knownasabestvacationspotformostAmericans.Inthiscapitalcity, yo

20、ullfindeverythingfromhistoriclandmarkstofinediningtoworldclassshopping.Stretchingacrossthesoutheasternshoresoftheisland, fromPearlHarbortoMakapuuPointandincludingworldfamousWaikikiBeachalongtheway, HonoluluishometothemajorityofOahuspopulation.MichaelAnthonyisoneofthem.Michaelgetstocallthisplacehome.

21、Theresonlyoneproblemheishomeless.Unabletoaffordtoliveinhisownplace, hereliesonthestreetsandbeachesofthischarmingcitytoresthishead.Healsotakesadvantageofthebeautifulweatherbyplayingbaseballoutside.Hehadatoughlifebutwashappyandpositive.Earninghimselfthenickname (绰号), “BaseballMike”，manyofhisfriendskno

22、wwheretofindhimontheroofofaformerparkinggarage.There, hepracticeshisskills, inthehopeofonedaymakingitbig.OntheverymorningofthisFriday, Mikewashittingsomebaseballswhenhelostoneinanarrowgap.Afterlosingatotalofsixballs, hedecidedtogodownafterthem.ThespacebetweenthewallswassonarrowthatMikewasntsurehowhe

23、couldfit.Butthinkingthosebaseballsweresomeofhisonlybelongings, Mikecouldntaffordtolosethem.Hedecidedtogodowntogetthem.The55yearoldmanmadehiswaydownthegap, butthingsquicklyturneddifficult.“IsawitwasnarrowatthebottombutImthin, verythin，”Mikesaidlater.Momentslater, thespacewastoosmallforhimtofit, yethe

24、keptgoingwithhiseyeonhisbaseballs.Ashewentdownalittlelowerandalittlelower, herealizedtheremightbenowaycomingbackandhehadactuallygothimselfstuckbetweentwowalls.Mikefeltworried.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2请按如下格式作答。Hebegantothinkofallmeanstogetout._Onepasserbyheardhisshoutandtelephonedthepolice._课时作业(十五).阅读理解语篇类

25、型：夹叙夹议文主题语境：人与自我认识自我重视因年龄增长而带来的智慧【语篇解读】文章开头作者叙述了自己虽然头发变白但不再染发，从而受到别人的好评的经历，接着表达了自己对变老的看法。作者认为染发浪费金钱和时间，追求自然、重视因年龄增长而带来的智慧才是重要的。1答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第二段，尤其是该段中的“It was expensive and timeconsuming”可知，作者认为染发花费很多金钱且费时。2答案与解析：C考查推理判断。根据第四段，尤其是最后一句“I just wish more of us would feel that it is OK to be ourselv

26、es, because going gray has done more for me than saving me time and money”和第六段中的“I should spend it doing what matters”以及第七段的最后一句可推知，根据作者的观点，当我们变老时我们应该接受它并采取积极的行动。3答案与解析：B考查写作意图。本文作者首先叙述自己虽然头发变白但不再染发，从而受到别人的好评的经历，然后表达自己对变老的看法染发浪费金钱和时间，追求自然、重视因年龄增长而带来的智慧才是重要的。由此可推知，作者写本文的目的是分享她对变老的看法。4答案与解析：D考查标题判断。根据

27、全文的内容，尤其是最后一段第一句“I see my gray hair as a little act of rebellion(反叛)against the idea that people lose value as they age，instead of gaining it”可知，D项“重视因年龄增长而带来的智慧”最适合作文章标题。.七选五语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会人际交往和朋友出行时保持良好关系的技巧【语篇解读】文章介绍了和朋友旅行的时候应该遵循的规则，以确保旅行顺利。1答案与解析：G考查上下文衔接。空格前说和朋友一起旅行绝对是一次奇妙的经历，在旅行中你们可能创造终生的回忆，

28、也可能最终毁掉你们的友谊。空格后说这里有一些你应该遵循的规则来确保你和朋友下一次的旅行尽可能地顺利。G项“所以确保你和你的朋友意见一致是很重要的”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。2答案与解析：B考查段落主旨句。根据本段最后一句可知，要有根据地计划，确保每个人都能看到他们心中最棒的景点。B项“每个人至少有一个活动”引出下文，符合语境。且B项中的“activity”和该段倒数第二句中的“categorize activities”相呼应。故选B。3答案与解析：D考查上下文衔接。空格前说，直接和你的旅行伙伴分享你的要求，空格后说，当问题出现时，进行交谈，因为沟通是关键。D项“同时，倾听他们关注的事情，尊

29、重他们”与上下文紧密衔接，符合语境。故选D。4答案与解析：F考查上下文衔接。空格前说要确保你的朋友知道你在哪里，并且有办法联系你，说明这是在不熟悉的环境要做的事情。F项“尤其是在国外或不熟悉的地方旅行”与上文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选F。5答案与解析：E考查上下文衔接。空格前说放下手机。当然，如果你需要接家人的电话，或者遇到工作紧急情况，你的朋友会理解的，但除此之外，尽量远离手机。E项“不要回复非紧急工作联系人，也不要经常发送消息”承接上文，符合语境。故选E。.完形填空【语篇解读】本文属于记叙文，讲述了Owens因丈夫生病住院时受人帮助而在丈夫去世后去医院做志愿者以回馈他人的事迹。1答案与解析：

30、A根据第三段首句“Owens is approaching 7,000 hours in volunteer time.”可知，Owens在医院里做志愿者工作。2答案与解析：C根据下文的“Everyone at the hospital had been so good to us when he was sick.”可知，Owens的丈夫曾经是医院的一位病人。3答案与解析：D根据Owens所说的她丈夫生病在这家医院时受人帮助，她也想尽其所能帮助他人可知，此处Owens是在解释自己做志愿者的原因。comment“评论，发表意见”；promise“保证，答应”；respond“作出反应，回应”；

31、explain“解释，说明”。4答案与解析：B根据上文的“Everyone at the hospital had been so good to us when he was sick.”和下文的“Owens wanted to give back in a big way.”可知，Owens想要表达谢意。appreciation“感激，感谢”。5答案与解析：D根据下文的“volunteer time”“give three days a week”“give one day a week”可知，此处表示Owens虽然没有太多钱，但她能给予她的时间。6答案与解析：A根据第二段首句的“Owen

32、s, who is now 98”可知，现在Owens 年纪大了。7答案与解析：C根据上文的“I used to give three days a week”和下文的“so I only give one day a week”可知，Owens不能像过去那样走动了。used to意为“过去常常”。8答案与解析：D根据上文对Owens志愿工作的描述可知，她需要在医院轮班工作。此处shift意为“(工作人员在工厂、医院等轮值工作的)当班时间，轮班”。9答案与解析：D根据文章首句“When you walk through the doors of Morton Plant Hospital on

33、 an early Tuesday afternoon. voice of Mary Ellen Owens.”可知，Owens每周二去医院。10答案与解析：B根据上文的“Owens, who is now 98”“Owens receives a ride from a volunteer who she now calls her friend.”可知，Owens认为她这个年纪的人不应该再开车了。11答案与解析：D根据上文的“Owens used to walk up and down the fashion runways”和下文的“Because she had other work

34、at the time. turn it down.”可知，她曾经有机会出演电影乱世佳人。12答案与解析：A根据空前的“Because she had other work at the time”可知，因为Owens当时有其他工作，所以她决定拒绝出演。13答案与解析：B根据语境可知，此处表示Owens觉得自己在生活中没有做的事比做过的更有趣。interesting“有趣的，有吸引力的”符合语境。difficult“困难的”；wellpaid“薪金优厚的，高薪的”；challenging“富于挑战性的”。14答案与解析：A根据句意可知前后为因果关系，表示由于Owens正处于她的黄金时代(指退休

35、后的日子)，她计划继续有目的地生活，微笑着问候每一位病人。now that“既然，由于”符合语境。guessing that“猜测”；supposing that“假定，如果”；except that“除了”。15答案与解析：C参见上题解析。pupose“目的，意图”符合语境。relief“宽慰，宽心，轻松”；success“成功”；spirit“精神”。.读后续写【范文赏读】Hebegantothinkofallmeanstogetout. Trying all his best and getting up by himself, Mike aimed at stepping back,

36、but he even couldnt move a little, for the space between the walls was so narrow. He hoped that other baseball players would come and give him a hand. However, it was so early and not time for them to play outside. Also, being homeless meant he didnt have a cell phone. Having been trapped for almost

37、 one hour, he did the only thing he could think ofshouting loudly for help.Onepasserbyheardhisshoutandtelephonedthepolice. The police station immediately sent some rescuers to the site. They communicated with Mike the entire time, initially tried lowering a rope but found he was unable to catch it.

38、In a lastditch effort, they used concretecutting saws to break through one of the walls and create an opening. Eventually the policemen were able to free Mike successfully. Mike was taken to the nearest hospital at once. Thankfully, he recovered from the accident soon and began to play baseball again.