45 神舟13号返航与太空计划-2022年高考英语最新热点时文阅读.docx

1、2022年高考最新热点时文阅读-神舟13号返航与太空计划题型主要内容1语法填空介绍了中国神舟十三号的三名宇航员从天宫空间站返回地球，创造了中国最长太空飞行的新记录。2语法填空介绍了中国承诺在今年年底前完成空间站的建设，并表示计划在2022年进行40多次发射，这一数字大致与美国持平，以及对声明的具体介绍。3语法填空介绍了宇航员杨利伟写的一篇文章太空中的一天。具体描述了他第一次飞向太空过程中遇到的问题，并说明了我国航天技术近几年发展迅速。4语法填空介绍了中国的太空探索计划及其发展4阅读理解中国制定未来五年的太空计划，其中包括向小行星发射机器人飞船、建造太空望远镜以及为天基引力波探测器奠定基础。01

2、（2022河南郑州十九中模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。After orbiting Earth for six months, the three crew members of Chinas Shenzhou XIII mission (使命) have departed from the Tiangong space station and returned to the mother planet on Saturday morning, _1_ (finish) the nations longest manned spaceflight.M

3、ajor General Zhai Zhigang, _2_ was the mission commander, Senior Colonel Wang Yaping and Senior Colonel Ye Guangfu breathed fresh air for the first time _3_ the half-year space journey as ground recovery personnel (全体职员) opened the hatch (舱门) of their reentry capsule (返回舱) at 10:03 am.Zhai and his c

4、rewmates spent 183 days in _4_ orbit about 400 kilometers above the Earth since their Shenzhou XIII spacecraft _5_ (launch) on Oct 16 by a Long March 2F carrier rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. They were the second inhabitants (居民) of Chinas permanent space station named Tiangong.So

5、far the crew _6_ (set) a new record for Chinas _7_ (long) spaceflight, almost doubling the previous record of 92 days _8_ (create) by their peers in the Shenzhou XII mission who travelled with Tiangong from mid-June to mid-September last year.In early February, the astronauts spent Spring Festival i

6、nside the orbiting station, becoming the first Chinese people _9_ (celebrate) the countrys most important traditional festival in outer space. They appeared in a live broadcast gala (庆典) and sent their best _10_ (wish) to Chinese people.02（2022四川石室中学三模）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。China has committ

7、ed itself to_11_(finish)constructing its space station by the end of this year and say it is planning more than forty_12_(launch) for 2022, putting the number roughly level with_13_of the United States.They would include those of two Shenzhou crewed missions, two Tianzhou cargo spacecraft and the st

8、ations additional two modules（太空舱）, the official Xinhua News Agency reported, _14_(cite) a recent announcement by the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, _15_(know) as CASCThe two modules will join the Tianhe core module_16_is currently home to a three-person crew.Working largely_17_

9、its own, China has pushed ahead with its Tiangong Space Station program. The current six-month space mission by the crew aboard Tianhe has been Chinas longest since it first_18_(send)a human to space in 2003. The three are the second crew _19_(board) the space station, which upon_20_(complete) will

10、weigh about 180 tons, and be about a quarter the size of the International Space Station.03（2022山西怀仁市第一中学校模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。An article written by Chinas first taikonaut Yang Liwei describing one day in space caused heated discussions _21_ social media platforms. Many people praise

11、d Yangs heroic spirit and felt amazed at Chinas significant _22_ (achieve) in space technology.Yang was 38 when he became the first Chinese person _23_ (go) into space in the Shenzhou- manned mission on October 15, 2003, making China the third country to have mastered manned space capabilities.In hi

12、s article, Yang recalled several breathtaking moments _24_ he thought he could not make it through the trip back. As he put it, he _25_ (feel) strong vibration(振动) when the rocket lifted to a height about 30-40 kilometres above the ground. It vibrated so _26_ (violent) that it was breaking my body.

13、The pain grew unbearable and I thought I was going to die, Yang recalled.After his return, Yang reported the abnormal vibration to fellow scientists, who solved _27_ issue once-and-for-all before the Shenzhou-s launch.After Yangs breakthrough another12 taikonauts _28_ (send) to space over the years.

14、 _29_ (see) the progress made over the past 18 years since his first trip to space, Yang said with humor that he envied a lot that his fellow _30_ (spaceman) now have such a big new home, which shows how powerful Chinas space strength has grown.04（2022河南驻马店高二期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinas

15、 contribution _31_ international space exploration _32_ (start) with the successful launch of the Dongfanghong 1 Satellite in 1970 and recently its manned flight programme _33_ (make) headlines when it celebrated the succesful Shenzhou V launch in 2003. The success of Shenzhou V was _34_ (importance

16、) as it was the first step in Chinas manned space programme. The next step will be to send astronauts into the Earths orbit in order to set up space stations to conduct _35_ (experiment). Due to Chinas rapidly developing space programme, this could be _36_ (soon) rather than later._37_ conclusion, w

17、e are only really in the initial stages of _38_ (explore) space but we have come a long way since learning that the Earth is not flat and spins in _39_ oval-shaped orbit around the sun. The possibilities for the future are endless and as long as people remain _40_ (interest), we will keep exploring

18、the world overhead. The sky is no longer the limit.05（2022江苏苏州中学高二期中）China has had a bumper few years in space exploration, and its ambitions are about to get bolder. The China National Space Administration has released an overview of its plans for the next five years, which include launching a robo

19、tic craft to an asteroid, building a space telescope and laying the foundations for a space-based gravitational-wave detector.China aims to launch asteroid probes to sample near-Earth asteroids and study icy comets that have asteroid-like orbits. The mission, which will probably be named Zheng He af

20、ter a Ming-dynasty Chinese explorer, would be the countrys first to visit an asteroid, and could launch as soon as 2024. It will follow in the wake of Japans successful Hayabusa asteroid missions and NASAs OSIRIS-Rex, which is due to return space rocks to Earth next year. Zheng He will fly for ten y

21、ears, first landing on an ancient asteroid known as HO3. Scientists hope that studying it will give them an insight into conditions in the early Solar System. Zheng He will anchor itself on the asteroid before scooping up its sample, and then return to Earths orbit in 2026 to drop off its spoils, wh

22、ich will parachute to the ground.China also plans to launch a space telescope called Xuntian, whose name means survey the heavens, to rival the Hubble. This will image in the same wavelengths ultraviolet, visible and infrared as those used by NASAs Hubble Space Telescope. Slightly smaller than Hubbl

23、e, Xuntian will not quite match its predecessors resolution; but, at any one time, Xuntian will capture a patch of sky 300 times larger. That will allow it to probe a much greater volume of the Universe than Hubble, says Zhan, who works on Xuntian. The telescope will periodically connect with Chinas

24、 space station, Tiangong, for refuelling and maintenance. Zhan says that the team plans to deliver the telescope by the end of 2023, ready for launch in 2024. “The schedule is very tight,” he says.41What can we learn from paragraph 2 and 3?ANASAs OSIRIS-Rex has successfully returned space rocks to E

25、arth.BZheng He would be the third probe ever to reach an asteroid.CZheng He will return to Earth in 2026.DSampling near-Earth asteroids will be Zheng Hes only mission.42What does the underlined word “rival” probably mean in paragraph 4?Acompromise withBcommunicate withCcompete withDcooperate with43W

26、hat might be the best title for the text?AA new Hubble: the Xuntian space telescopeBChinas ambitious plans for the next five yearsCSpace: opportunities for scientific breakthroughsDChina sets out space agenda.44The following session of the passage will probably talk about _.AChinas measures to broad

27、en and deepen international collaborationBChinas plan to launch a space-based gravitational-wave detectorCChinas three more missions focusing on the moon and beyondDthe significant meaning of Chinas great leap into the space参考答案：1finishing2who3after4an5was launched6has set#have set7longest8created9t

28、o celebrate10wishes【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国神舟十三号的三名宇航员从天宫空间站返回地球，创造了中国最长太空飞行的新记录。1考查非谓语动词。句意：在绕地球飞行6个月后，中国神舟十三号的三名宇航员于周六上午离开天宫空间站返回地球，完成了中国最长的载人航天飞行。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。句中用现在分词作状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填finishing。2考查定语从句。句意：上午10点03分，地面回收人员打开返回舱舱门，任务总指挥翟志刚少将、王亚平大校、叶光福大校在为期半年的太空之旅后首次呼吸到新鲜空气。句中先行词为Major General Zha

29、i Zhigang，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故填who。3考查介词。句意：上午10点03分，地面回收人员打开返回舱舱门，任务总指挥翟志刚少将、王亚平大校、叶光福大校在为期半年的太空之旅后首次呼吸到新鲜空气。名词the half-year space journey前用介词形式。结合句意，用介词after，表示“在之后”。故填after。4考查冠词。句意：自神舟十三号飞船于10月16日由长征二号F运载火箭在酒泉卫星发射中心发射以来，翟志刚和他的队友们在距离地球400公里的轨道上飞行了183天。名词orbit为可数名词，泛指，且发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。

30、故填an。5考查时态和语态。句意：自神舟十三号飞船于10月16日由长征二号F运载火箭在酒泉卫星发射中心发射以来，翟志刚和他的队友们在距离地球400公里的轨道上飞行了183天。根据时间状语on Oct 16可知，用一般过去时。主语their Shenzhou XIII spacecraft与launch之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was launched。6考查时态。句意：到目前为止，航天员们创造了中国最长太空飞行的新记录，几乎是去年6月中旬至9月中旬神舟十二号创造的92天的记录的两倍。根据时间状语So far可知，用现在完成时。主语crew表示全体工作人员时，是集合名词。若视为整体，谓

31、语用单数；若考虑其个体，谓语用复数。故填has/have set。7考查最高级。句意：到目前为止，航天员们创造了中国最长太空飞行的新记录，几乎是去年6月中旬至9月中旬神舟十二号创造的92天的记录的两倍。结合句意可知，航天员们创造了中国最长太空飞行的新记录，所以用形容词最高级形式。故填longest。8考查非谓语动词。句意：到目前为止，航天员们创造了中国最长太空飞行的新记录，几乎是去年6月中旬至9月中旬神舟十二号创造的92天的记录的两倍。句中已经谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。名词record与create之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填created。9考查非谓语动词。句意：二月初，

32、宇航员们在轨道空间站内度过了春节，成为第一个在太空庆祝中国最重要的传统节日的中国人。序数词first修饰名词Chinese people，后用不定式作后置定语。故填to celebrate。10考查名词的数。句意：他们出现在现场直播晚会上，并向中国人民致以最美好的祝愿。名词wish为可数名词，根据句中their可知，用名词的复数形式。故填wishes。11finishing12launches13that14citing15known16which/that17on18sent19to board20completion【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国承诺在今年年底前完成空间站的建

33、设，并表示计划在2022年进行40多次发射，这一数字大致与美国持平，以及对声明的具体介绍。11考查动名词。句意：中国承诺在今年年底前完成空间站的建设，并表示计划在2022年进行40多次发射，这一数字大致与美国持平。commit to为动词短语搭配，表示“对作出承诺”，to为介词，后面应接动词finish的动名词形式finishing作宾语。故填finishing。12考查可数名词复数。句意：中国承诺在今年年底前完成空间站的建设，并表示计划在2022年进行40多次发射，这一数字大致与美国持平。分析句子可知，空处由数词forty修饰应填可数名词复数形式launches，表示“发射（次数）”。故填l

34、aunches。13考查代词。句意：中国承诺在今年年底前完成空间站的建设，并表示计划在2022年进行40多次发射，这一数字大致与美国持平。分析句子可知，空处指代前文提到的the number，所以应用代词that，此处表示“数字”。故填that。14考查现在分词。句意：新华社援引中国航天科技集团公司(CASC)最近的一份声明称，这些任务将包括两次“神舟”载人航天任务、两次“天舟”货运飞船以及空间站新增的两个模块。分析句子可知，句子已有谓语动词reported，所以空处应填现在分词形式citing，表示与其逻辑主语the official Xinhua News Agency之间的主动关系，表示

35、“引用，援引”。故填citing。15考查过去分词。句意：新华社援引中国航天科技集团公司(CASC)最近的一份声明称，这些任务将包括两次“神舟”载人航天任务、两次“天舟”货运飞船以及空间站新增的两个模块。分析句子可知，空处作后置定语修饰the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation，所以应用过去分词形式known，表示与其逻辑主语the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation之间的被动关系。故填known。16考查定语从句连接词。句意：这两个舱将加入天河核心舱，目前天河核

36、心舱有3名宇航员。分析句子可知，空处涉及限制性定语从句，应填关系代词which或that，代替先行词the Tianhe core module，指物，在从句中作主语。故填which或that。17考查介词。句意：中国在很大程度上依靠自己的力量推进天宫空间站计划。on ones own为固定搭配，表示“独立地，独自地”。故填on。18考查时态。句意：“天河号”宇航员目前正在执行为期六个月的太空任务，这是中国自2003年首次将人送上太空以来历时最长的一次。分析句子可知，空处应填谓语动词，又根据从句时间状语 in 2003可知，空处应填谓语动词一般过去时sent。故填sent。19考查不定式。句意

37、：这三名宇航员是第二批登上空间站的宇航员。空间站完工后重约180吨，大小约为国际空间站的四分之一。分析句子可知，空处应填不定式to board作后置定语，修饰the second crew，表将来，且the second to do为固定结构，表示“第二个（批）做”。故填to board。20考查名词。句意：这三名宇航员是第二批登上空间站的宇航员。空间站完工后重约180吨，大小约为国际空间站的四分之一。分析句子可知，介词upon后应接complete的名词形式completion，表示“完成”。故填completion。21on22achievement23to go24when25felt2

38、6violently27the28have been sent29Seeing#Having seen30spacemen【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了宇航员杨利伟写的一篇文章太空中的一天。具体描述了他第一次飞向太空过程中遇到的问题，并说明了我国航天技术近几年发展迅速。21考查介词。句意：中国第一位宇航员杨利伟在一篇文章中描述了太空中的一天，这篇文章在社交媒体平台上引发了热烈讨论。表示“在社交媒体平台上”，用介词on。故填on。22考查名词。句意：许多人赞扬杨利伟的英雄精神，并对中国在太空技术方面取得的重大成就感到惊讶。空前“significant重大的”形容词应修饰名词，故填achiev

39、e的名词形式。此处指太空科技方面的成就，因此用单数形式。故填achievement。23考查非谓语动词。句意：2003年10月15日，杨利伟在神舟五号载人航天任务中成为第一位进入太空的中国人，当时他38岁，这使中国成为第三个掌握载人航天技术的国家。句中谓语动词是became，go是非谓语动词做定语。“第几位做某事的人”英语表达方式为the first/second person to do sth.，故填to go。24考查状语从句。句意：在他的文章中，杨回忆了几次他认为自己回不去的惊险时刻。本句是状语从句，空处应译为“当时”。故填when。25考查时态。句意：正如他所说，当火箭上升到离地面3

40、0-40公里的高度时，他感到强烈的震动。句中feel是谓语动词，根据后文“lifted”可知，此处应该用一般过去时。故填felt。26考查副词。句意：它剧烈地震动，快要把我的身体震碎了。空处修饰动词vibrated，应用副词形式。故填violently。27考查冠词。句意：回国后，杨向其他科学家报告了异常振动，他们在神舟六号发射前彻底解决了这个问题。此处issue指的是上文提到的火箭上升过程中产生的剧烈的震动情况，因此应用定冠词。故填the。28考查时态语态。句意：杨取得突破后，又有12名宇航员在过去的几年里被送上了太空。send是本句谓语动词，句中时间状语为over the years，因此

41、用现在完成时；主语为复数名词another 12 taikonauts，因此谓语动词用复数形式，且主语与send之间为被动关系。故填have been sent。29考查非谓语动词。句意：看到他第一次太空之旅之后这18年来取得的进步，杨幽默地说，他非常“羡慕”他的宇航员同胞们现在有了这么大的新家，这表明中国的太空实力已经变得多么强大。句中谓语动词是said，因此see是非谓语动词做状语。分析句子成分可知，see与句子主语Yang之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式或者表示现在分词的完成时，表示动作发生造said之前。故填Seeing或Having seen。30考查名词。句意：看到他第一次太空之旅

42、之后这18年来取得的进步，杨幽默地说，他非常“羡慕”他的宇航员同胞们现在有了这么大的新家，这表明中国的太空实力已经变得多么强大。根据句意及空后谓语have动词可知，此空填名词复数形式。故填spacemen。31to32started33has made34important35experiments36sooner37In38exploring39an40interested【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的太空探索计划及其发展。31考查介词。句意：中国对国际空间探索的贡献始于1970年成功发射东方红1号卫星，最近，中国的载人飞行计划在2003年庆祝神舟五号成功发射时成为头条新闻。Co

43、ntribution常与介词to搭配，表示“对的贡献”。故填to。32考查时态。句意同上。根据时间状语“in 1970”可知，应用一般过去时。故填started。33考查时态。句意同上。根据时间状语从句“when it celebrated the succesful Shenzhou V launch in 2003.”可知，主句用用现在完成时，主语是单数。故填has made。34考查形容词。句意：神舟五号的成功非常重要，因为它是中国载人航天计划的第一步。此处缺少形容词，作表语。故填important。35考查名词复数。句意：下一步将是将宇航员送入地球轨道，以便建立空间站进行实验。此处表示

44、不止一个实验，用可数名词复数泛指。故填experiments。36考查固定短语。句意：由于中国迅速发展的太空计划，这一步会尽早实现。固定短语sooner rather than later“尽早”。故填sooner。37考查固定短语。句意：总而言之，我们只是在探索太空的初始阶段，但自从了解到地球并不是平的，而且沿着围绕太阳的椭圆形轨道运行以来，我们已经取得了长足的进步。固定短语in conclusion“总而言之”。故填In。38考查非谓语动词。句意同上。作介词of的宾语，应用动名词。故填exploring。39考查冠词。句意同上。此处泛指一个椭圆形轨道，且oval-shaped发音以元音音素

45、开头，应用an。故填an。40考查形容词。句意：未来有无限的可能性，只要人们保持兴趣（仍然感兴趣），我们将继续探索世界。此处缺少形容词，作系动词remain的表语，修饰人，表示“感兴趣的”，应用-ed结尾形容词。故填interested。41B42C43D44B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了中国制定未来五年的太空计划，其中包括向小行星发射机器人飞船、建造太空望远镜以及为天基引力波探测器奠定基础。同时文章还介绍了向小行星发射机器人飞船、建造太空望远镜的情况。41细节理解题。根据第二段中“The mission, which will probably be named Zheng He

46、after a Ming-dynasty Chinese explorer, would be the countrys first to visit an asteroid, and could launch as soon as 2024. It will follow in the wake of Japans successful Hayabusa asteroid missions and NASAs OSIRIS-Rex, which is due to return space rocks to Earth next year.(该任务可能以中国明朝探险家郑和的名字命名，将是中国

47、第一个访问小行星的任务，最快可能于2024年发射。在此之前，日本成功完成了隼鸟小行星任务，美国宇航局的“OSIRIS-Rex”将于明年将太空岩石送回地球)”可知，“郑和”将是第三个到达小行星的探测器。故选B。42词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“China also plans to launch a space telescope called Xuntian, whose name means survey the heavens, to(中国还计划发射一个名为“寻天”的太空望远镜，其名字的意思是“调查天空”)”以及后文“This will image in the same wavelengt

48、hs ultraviolet, visible and infrared as those used by NASAs Hubble Space Telescope.(这张照片所用的波长紫外线、可见光和红外线与美国宇航局的哈勃空间望远镜相同。)”可知，中国的望远镜将用和美国宇航局哈勃太空望远镜相同的波长成像紫外线、可见光和红外线，可见是为了和哈勃太空望远镜竞争，故画线词意思是“竞争”。故选C。43主旨大意题。根据第一段“China has had a bumper few years in space exploration, and its ambitions are about to ge

49、t bolder. The China National Space Administration has released an overview of its plans for the next five years, which include launching a robotic craft to an asteroid, building a space telescope and laying the foundations for a space-based gravitational-wave detector.(中国近年来在太空探索方面取得了巨大成就，其雄心壮志将变得更加

50、大胆。中国国家航天局发布了未来五年计划的概述，其中包括向小行星发射机器人飞船、建造太空望远镜以及为天基引力波探测器奠定基础)”结合文章可知，文章主要说明了中国制定未来五年的太空计划，其中包括向小行星发射机器人飞船、建造太空望远镜以及为天基引力波探测器奠定基础。同时文章还介绍了向小行星发射机器人飞船、建造太空望远镜的情况，由此可知，D选项“中国制定太空议程”最符合文章标题。故选D。44推理判断题。根据第一段中“The China National Space Administration has released an overview of its plans for the next five years, which include launching a robotic craft to an asteroid, building a space telescope and laying the foundations for a space-based gravitational-wave detector.(中国国家航天局发布了未来五年计划的概述，其中包括向小行星发射机器人飞船、建造太空望远镜以及为天基引力波探测器奠定基础)”结合文章可知，主要介绍了向小行星发射机器人飞船、建造太空望远镜，由此可推知，文章接下来的部分可能会讨论中国发射天基引力波探测器的计划。故选B。