Unit 3 单元重点语法Grammar 非谓语动词之动词ing和动词不定式做主语-2022-2023学年高二英语选择性必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练（外研版2019）.docx

1、Unit 3 单元重点语法专项练习非谓语动词之动词ing和动词不定式做主语一、单项选择1It is proved that the latest scientific equipment allows the sportsmen to get the best out of their training.AusingBusedCto useDuse2Its necessary to be prepared for a job interview. _ the answer ready will be of great help.ATo have hadBHaving hadCHaveDHavi

2、ng3_ in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffer.AWorkBWorksCWorkedDWorking4-What made Rodger so upset?-_three tickets for the football match.ALostBLosingCBecause of losingDSince he lost5It has been warned that to the surroundings with people infected by Covid-19 without any protection can le

3、ad to a severe result.Abeing exposedBexposedChaving exposedDto expose6-What made he upset?-_.ABecause of losing her keyBBecause she lost her keyCLosing her keyDHaving lost her key7 Henry doesnt seem to be what he was. No. _ so much in the war has made him more thoughtful.ASeenBHis seeingCHaving seen

4、DTo have seen8As we all know, it was _ that resulted in the terrible car accident.Abecause of her carelessnessBher being carelessCwhy she was carelessDshe was so careless9_ his homework made his father lost in temper.AThe boys not having doneBThe boy not having doneCThe boys having not doneDThe boy

5、having not done10It is no use _ about such things; we can work them out together.Ato get worriedBto get worryingCgetting worriedDgetting worrying11_ the right decision _ our future is probably the most important thing we will ever do in our life.AMaking, concernedBMake, concerningCTo make, concerned

6、DMaking, concerning12_ on a farm caused her to become curious about nature.AHer not being brought upBShe was not brought upCShe not being brought upDHaving not been brought up13_ with global vision and the spirit of innovation is crucial to Chinas young generation.ABeing equippedBEquippingCEquippedD

7、Having equipped14It is agreed that _ widely is one of the most effective ways to enlarge our vocabulary.AreadingBreadCreadsDhaving read15- What do you know made Sarah so upset?- giving away state secrets.ACharged withBBeing charged withCAccusing ofDTo be accused of16It took unusual determination and

8、 courage _ the gap between the middle class and the poor. AbridgedBto bridgeCbridgeDbridging17To mean_ something and _ something actually are two different things.Ato do, to doBdoing, doingCto do, doingDdoing, to do18It took years of work_the industrial pollution and clear the water.AreducingBto red

9、uceCreducedDreduce19It is exciting _ competing athletes reach the other end of the swimming pool.AwatchBwatchingCto watchDthat20It took less than a single day_ my hair from black to white.AchangeBchangingCto changeDchanged21Its important for every one of us _ the eco-friendly Christmas tree rental s

10、ervice for the holiday period for the sake of protecting the environment.Ato acceptBacceptingCacceptDaccepted22It is wise _ the experiment that way.Aof him to doBfor him to doCof his doingDthat he do23_ is no longer too difficult for women and minorities _ roles in American film and television.AWhat

11、; to getBIt; to getCThat; gettingDWho; getting24George Floyds killing was such a moment when white America finally understood how dangerous_ a Black man in the United States.Ait wasBwas it to beCit was to beDit was being25It is very important for us _ English well.AlearnBlearningCto learnDlearned二、用

12、单词的适当形式完成句子26Listening to soft music, as well as_(take)exercise, helps a lot in relieving peoples sad emotions. 27_ (help) others in need made him really happy. 28_ (hear) how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure. 29_(volunteer) gives you a chance to change lives, in

13、cluding your own. 30It is worthwhile considering what makes “convenience ” foods so popular, and _（introduce）better ones of your own. 31_（convince）others of something is really a challenging task. 32_ (expose) to a foreign culture is beneficial for us to comprehend the local language. 33_(explore) s

14、pace is always something we humans want to do. 34Henry found that _ (create) music was a relief and cure for his illness.35_ (admit) you had a problem and facing it directly was the first step to your recovery. 36_(land) on the moons far side is extremely challenging. 37It is no good _(intervene) in

15、 others internal affairs. 38It is no use_ (stop) him without telling him the truth.39It is no use _ (have) a car if you cant drive. 40_(be)able to speak another language fluently is a great advantage when you are looking for a job.41Its no use _(complain) without taking action.42Its no pleasure _ (l

16、ook) through these any longer.43The weather suddenly _(change) made me suffer from a bad cold.44_（do）morning exercises is good for our health. 45_ (work) in the remote village is challenging but rewarding. 46Its a waste of time _ (play) video games every day. 47Not _ (arrive) on time can be impolite

17、 to those waiting for you. 48_ (read) is necessary for you to expand your knowledge and relax your mind.49It is no use _ (tell) him to avoid making mistakes. 50_ (expose) to strong sunlight will do harm to your skin. 51_(read) literary works is one of the things that he likes to do most. 52It is no

18、use _ (tell) him the witty words , because he never smiles. 53_ (catch) in a heavy traffic jam is quite an unpleasant experience.54It was so fortunate _(see) my friends again. 55It is characteristic of Jack _(turn) up at the last minute, which of course, makes the rest of us rather annoyed. 56It wil

19、l take him a whole day_(get)to the top of the mountain on foot. 57The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable _(sit) on.58It would not be appropriate for me_(discuss) that now. 59I dont think it is difficult_(learn) a foreign language well. 60It is wise _(assign) special exercise

20、s to the weaker students. 61I like eating fried tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must be easy_(cook). 62Coming out of this experience, I realize it is OK _(be) different from others63It is difficult _ (figure) out a global population of polar bears64It took the doctor about half an hour _(examin

21、e) the eyes of the baby. 65It is wrong for you _(skip) breakfast. 66Apparently, it is not right _(skip)class. Youd better not do that. 67It is easy for me _(learn)how to drive.68It took us half an hour _(arrive) there by plane. 69It is difficult _(understand) why she barks every minute. 70It is an h

22、onour for him _(represent) his fellow workers to speak at the meeting. 71Its her responsibility _(ensure)the project finishes on time. 72It is my honour_(have) dinner with you. 73Is it an appropriate time _ (make) a speech now?74It shocked us _(learn) that the one-thousand-year temple lay in ruins d

23、uring the storm. 75It is now still impossible _(predict) when and where an earthquake will break out. 76It is essential for us _(know) all the facts. 77It took him a long time _ (acquire) the skills he needed to become a professional artist.78For her sister Mary _ (study) music is a good choice.79It

24、s good _ (help) others when they are in trouble.80It is bad manners _(stare) at someone that you are not familiar with. 81Its a great honor for me _(ask) to deliver a speech to everybody here. 82In fact, it is a hard job for the police _(keep) order in an important football match. 83It is not a simp

25、le matter _(determine) the nature of talent.84It is exciting _ (surf) the Internet. 85It would take some 100 workers a years time _(complete) the project. 参考答案：1A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：事实证明，使用最新的科学设备能使运动员在训练中发挥最佳作用。分析句子结构可知此处使用it作形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句，主语从句缺少主语，非谓语动词中可作主语的形式有：动名词doing或动词不定式to do，故B，D两项排除；动名

26、词作主语时，通常表示一件已知的事或经验。不定式短语通常表示一件未完成的事或目的。由句意可知，在本句主语为“使用最新的科技设备”这件事使运动员在训练中发挥最佳作用，为已知的事，所以应用动名词作主语，故选A项。2D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：准备工作面试是有必要的。准备好回答是很有帮助的。分析句子结构，_ the answer ready作第二个句子的主语，用动名词，故选D项。3D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在这种条件下工作不是一种乐趣，而是一种痛苦。分析句子可知，句中有系动词is 且句中无连词，故应用work的非谓语动词形式。“_ in these conditions”在句中作主语，故应用

27、work的动名词形式working，动名词短语在句中作主语，表示经常性、习惯性的动作。故选D项。4B【解析】考查非谓语作主语。句意：是什么让罗杰如此不安?丢了三张足球赛的票。设空处在句中作主语，此处是指丢了三张足球赛的票（让罗杰如此不安）。非谓语短语作主语，应用动名词的形式。故答案为B。5A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：有人警告称，在没有任何保护措施的情况下，暴露在有感染Covid-19的人的环境中会导致严重的结果。分析句子结构可知expose在句中应用非谓语动词形式，表示“暴露”短语为be exposed to，且从句中缺少主语，expose与逻辑主语people是被动关系，故应用动名词的被

28、动式作主语。故选A。6C【解析】考查动名词短语作主语。句意：什么让她如此沮丧？丢了钥匙。下文为省略句，完整句子是Losing her key made her upset. 该题不强调动作已完成，故D项错。A、B两项只能做状语，而该题缺少主语，应用动名词短语。故选C项。7B【解析】考查动名词作主语。句意：Henry看起来似乎和以前不一样了。是不一样了，看到战争中发生的如此多糟糕的事情，已经让他变得更体贴人了。这里是动名词做主语，谓语动词是has made。故选B。8B【解析】考查it强调句型。句意：我们都知道，是她的粗心大意导致了这场可怕的车祸。本句是强调结构“It was +被强调部分+ t

29、hat+ 句子的其他成分”，去掉It was . that，不难看出resulted in the terrible car accident缺少主语，此处的被强调部分是主语，所以此处用动名词（-ing形式）复合结构作主语，her being careless在句中作主语，故选B项。9A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个男孩没有完成任务使他脾气暴躁的父亲气得发狂。此处为现在分词的复合结构做主语，动作发生在谓语动之前用having done形式，not需要放在分词前加以否定，因为该短语有逻辑主语the boy 但又不以单独的句子存在，所以不能按照正常的句子成分安排not在句中的否定位置。用the

30、 boys 是该分词短语的逻辑主语。故选A。10C【解析】考查固定句式。解题步骤：Its no use doing sth.“做没意义”为固定句式，其中it为形式主语，后面的动词-ing短语为真正主语，且修饰we指人应用-ed结尾形容词，故填getting worried。句意：为这种事担心是没有用的；我们可以一起解决。故选C。11D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：就未来而言，做正确的决定可能是我们一生中做的最重要的事。分析句子可知，句子的谓语是is，第一处空白应该是make the right decision（做决定）充当主语，所以要用动名词形式；第二空应是concerning做介词，意为“

31、关于；就.而言”。故选D。【点睛】动名词作主语，在动词的基础上加ing，使该动词或动词短语有名词的各种特征，可作名词灵活使用。此题考的是动名词做主语。还会出现动名词做主语时，用 it 作先行主语，多见于某些形容词及名词之后。例如：It is no use telling him not to worry常见的能用于这种结构的形容词还有：better，wonderful，enjoyable，interesting，foolish，difficult，useless，senseless，worthwhile，等。注意：important，essential，necessary 等形容词不能用于上述

32、结构。12A【解析】考查动名词作主语。句意：她不是在农场被抚养大的，这使她对大自然产生了好奇。分析句子结构可知_ on a farm在句中做主语，句子的谓语动词是caused。作主语应用动名词形式，且动名词的逻辑主语用形容词性物主代词。现在分词的完成被动式having been done常在句中作状语。故选A。13A【解析】考查动名词。句意：全球视野和创新精神对于新一代的中国青年来说很重要。句中缺主语，故用动名词短语作主语。词组原为“be equipped with”，但此处该词组做主语，be不能省略，需用being。故选A。14A【解析】考查动名词。句意：大家一致认为广泛阅读是扩大词汇量的最

33、有效途径之一。it做形式主语，that引导主语从句，在句中做真正的主语。A. reading 动名词形式；B. read 动词原形；C. reads 动词单三式；D. having read 现在分词的完成形式。分析从句的句子成分可知，主语从句中缺少主语，且用来表示泛指，故应该使用动名词，而having read是现在分词的完成式，可排除D。故选A。【点睛】动名词作主语，在动词的基础上加ing，使该动词或动词短语有名词的各种特征，可作名词灵活使用。此题考的是用 it 作形式主语，把动名词（真实主语）置于句尾作后置主语。动名词做主语时，不太常用 it 作先行主语，多见于某些形容词及名词之后。例如

34、：It is no use telling him not to worry常见的能用于这种结构的形容词还有：better，wonderful，enjoyable，interesting，foolish，difficult，useless，senseless，worthwhile，等注意：important，essential，necessary 等形容词不能用于上述结构15B【解析】考查动名词。句意：-你知道是什么让莎拉这么不高兴吗？-她被指控泄露国家机密。sb be charged with“某人因而被控告”。第二句的主语为动名词Being charged with作主语，还可以用bein

35、g accused of。故B选项正确。16B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：弥合中产阶级和穷人之间的差距需要不同寻常的决心和勇气。it take(s) something to do sth.是固定句型，it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语，故选B。17A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：打算做某事与实际上去做某事是完全不同的两回事。第一空填to do，mean to do sth.意为“打算做某事”；第二空填to do，因为and连接两个非谓语动词作主语，前后应保持一致。故选A。18B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：经过多年的努力，减少了工业污染，净化了水质。根据句子结构分析可知，此处it为形式主语

36、，根据it takes/took +时间+to do sth.可知，真正的主语为to do不定式，故选B。19C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：看运动员到达游泳池的另一端是令人兴奋的。分析可知，此处为固定句型：it be+adj.+to do sth.“做某事是的”，it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语，故空处应填不定式作主语。故选C。20C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我用了不到一天的时间就把头发从黑色变成了白色。此处为it takes/took some time to do sth.句型，表示“做某事花费”，故选C。21A【解析】考查固定句型。句意：为了保护环境，我们每个人在节日期间接受环保

37、型圣诞树租赁服务是很重要的。分析句子可知，此处为固定句型：it be+adj.+(for sb.) to do sth.“对于某人来说做某事是的”，it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故选A。22A【解析】考查非谓语动词和介词。句意：他那样做实验是明智的。it is+形容词+for/of+somebody to do,it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。表示逻辑主语的性格、品质特征后用介词of。故选A。23B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：对于女性和少数族裔来说，在美国电影和电视中获得角色不再是太难了。It is +形容词 + for sb. to do sth.对于某人来说做某事是，句中it作

38、形式主语，真正的主语为不定式。故选B。24C【解析】考查it用法。句意：George Floyd的遇害是这样一个时刻：美国白人终于明白在美国做黑人是多么危险。分析句子结构可知，understood后是一个宾语从句，从句中缺少主系部分，其中it作形式主语，不定式to do作真正的主语。故选C。25C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：对我们来说学好英语是非常重要的。It is +形容词+for sb. to do sth.做某事对某人来说，句中it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式。故选C。26taking【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：听轻柔的音乐，以及锻炼身体，有助于缓解人们的悲伤情绪。as well

39、as连接并列的主语，结合本句中的Listening to soft music，可知用动名词taking exercise作并列的主语。故填taking。27Helping【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：帮助有需要的人让他很开心。分析可知，空处为动名词形式做主语，表示经常性，习惯性的动作，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Helping。28Hearing【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：听到别人对你刚读的书的反应会有一种额外的乐趣。结合句意及谓语动词creates可知应填动名词形式作主语，表示习惯性，经常性的动作，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Hearing。29Volunteering【解析】考

40、查动名词。句意：志愿者给你机会改变生活，包括你自己的生活。根据句子分析可知，此处为动名词做主语，故填Volunteering。30introducing【解析】考查句子结构。句意：考虑是什么让“方便”食品如此受欢迎，并推出你自己的更好的食品，这是值得的。It is worthwhile doing为固定句型，译为“做是值得的”；considering短语与introduce后面接的短语通过and构成并列关系,动词introduce的形式应与considering一样，构成It is worthwhile doing 句型。故填introducing。31Convincing【解析】考查非谓语动

41、词。句意：说服别人相信某事确实是一项具有挑战性的任务。分析句子，设空处在句中作主语，故使用动名词形式，句首字母应该大写。故填Convincing。32Being exposed【解析】考查动词短语。句意：接触外国文化对于我们学习当地的语言是有好处的。短语 be exposed to 意为接触，此处作主语应用动名词形式，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Being exposed。33Exploring【解析】考查动名词。句意：探索太空一直是我们人类想要做的事情。explore用动名词形式作主语，首字母大写。故填Exploring。34creating【解析】考查动名词。句意：亨利发现创作音乐是对他疾病

42、的一种缓解和治疗。分析句子可知，此处that 引导宾语从句，从句的谓语是was，故空处在从句中作主语，空处应用动名词作主语。故填creating。35Admitting【解析】考查动名词。句意：承认你有问题并直面它是你恢复的第一步。空格处用动名词admitting作主语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Admitting。36Landing【解析】考查动名词。句意：在月球背面着陆极具挑战性。空格处用动名词作主语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Landing。37intervening【解析】考查动名词。句意：干涉别人的内政是没有好处的。It is no good doing sth.是固定短语，意为“做

43、某事没有好处”，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是动名词，因此空格处用动名词intervening，故填intervening。38stopping【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：不告诉他真相就阻止他是没有用的。It is no use doing sth.做某事没有用。根据句意，故填stopping。39having【解析】考查固定句型。句意：如果你不会开车，有辆车也没有用。“It is no use (doing sth.) .”为固定句型，意为“(做某事)没有用”，其中it是形式主语，动名词短语是真正的主语。故填having。40Being【解析】考查动名词。句意：当你在找工作的时候，能够流

44、利地说另一种语言是一个很大优势。分析句子可知_(be)able to speak another language fluently是主语，应用be的动名词形式，故填Being。41complaining【解析】考查动名词。句意：抱怨而不采取行动是没有用的。it is no using sth“做某事没有用处”，固定句型搭配，it做形式主语，真正的主语为动名词。故填complaining。42looking【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：再看这些已经提不起我的兴趣了。根据分析句子结构可知，it为形式主语，空格处应使用动名词短语作真正主语，且it is no pleasure doing为固定结构

45、，意为“做没有乐趣”。故填looking。43changing【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：天气的突然变化使我患了重感冒。分析句子结构可知，The weather suddenly _(change)是主语，故change应用动名词形式。故填changing。44To do#Doing【解析】考查不定式。句意：早上锻炼对我们的健康有好处。空格处是主语，要用动词不定式或动名词。故填To do/Doing。45Working【解析】考查动名词。句意：在边远山村工作是有挑战的但是有意义。分析句子结构可知，“_(work) in the remote village”(在边远山村工作)是作主语，所以空

46、处应用动名词形式，单词位于句首，注意首字母大写，故填Working。46playing【解析】【分析】考查非谓语动词。句意：每天玩电子游戏是浪费时间。Its a waste of time doing sth是固定句型，动名词作真正主语。故填playing。47arriving【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：不按时到达对于那些等你的人来说是不礼貌的。分析句子成分可知，空格处应填动名词短语作主语，所以应填arriving。故填arriving。48Reading【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：阅读对你扩展知识和放松心情是必要的。分析句子成分可知，空格处应填动名词作主语，放句首首字母大写，所以应填Re

47、ading。故填Reading。49telling【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：告诉他去避免犯错是没有用的。本题考查it做形式主语，非谓语动词doing是真正的主语。当然，固定句型it is no use doing sth.（做某事是没有用的）故填telling。50Being exposed#Exposure【解析】考查名词或非谓语动词。句意：暴露在强烈的阳光下会损害你的皮肤。be exposed to暴露，句中缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语，或者用名词形式作主语。根据句意，故填Being exposed/Exposure。51Reading【解析】考查动名词。句意：阅读文学作品是他最喜欢做

48、的事情之一。本句为动名词做主语。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Reading。52telling【解析】【分析】考查动名词作主语。句意：即使对他说些俏皮话也没有用，因为他从来不笑。固定句型：It is no use doing sth.的意思是“做某事没用”，其中it作形式主语，动名词作真正的主语。故答案为telling。53Being caught【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：遇上严重的交通堵塞是很不愉快的经历。短语be caught in“陷于；遇到”。空处在句中做句子的主语，需要用动名词形式。故填Being caught。54to see【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：能再次见到我的朋友真是太

49、幸运了。此处为it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to see。55to turn【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：杰克的特点是在最后一刻出现，这当然让我们其他人相当恼火。分析句子结合句意可知，此处为固定句型：it be+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.“对于某人来说做某事是的”，it作形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语。故填to turn。56to get【解析】考查不定式。句意：他要花一整天的时间步行到达山顶。本句为“It takes sb. some time to do sth. ”句型，It是形式主语，后面的不定式结构是真正的主语。故填to get。57to sit【解

50、析】考查不定式。句意：这椅子很硬，但是坐上去很舒适。本句子it做形式主语，不定式作真正主语。故答案为to sit。58to discuss【解析】考查不定式。句意：我现在不适合讨论那件事。it is adj. for sb. to do sth.是固定短语，意为“对某人来说做某事是”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，因此空格处是不定式to discuss，故填to discuss。59to learn【解析】考查不定式。句意：我认为学好一门外语并不难。it is difficult to do是固定短语，意为“做某事很困难”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，因此空格处是不定式t

51、o learn，故填to learn。60to assign【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：给学习较差的学生布置特殊的练习题是明智的做法。根据句子分析可知，此处因为“it is+adj+to do”句型，it为形式主语，to do为真正的主语，故填to assign。61to cook【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋，我认为这一定很容易做。此处是“It+be+adj.+不定式”结构表示“做某事怎么样”。句中所指的是“烹饪很简单”。故填to cook。62to be【解析】考查不定式。句意：从这次经历中，我意识到与众不同是可以的。it是形式主语，此处是动词不定式短语作真正的主语。

52、故填to be。63to figure【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：很难计算出全球北极熊的数量。分析句子结构可知此处为it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语的结构。故填to figure。64to examine【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：医生花了大约半个小时检查婴儿的眼睛。It takes/took sb.+时间+to do sth. (花费某人多少时间干某事)，examine用动词不定式形式作真正的主语。故填to examine。65to skip【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：你不吃早餐是不对的。此处为句型it be adj. for sb. to do sth.，不定式作真正主语。故填to

53、skip。66to skip【解析】考查不定式。句意：显然，逃课是不对的。你最好不要那样做。此处为it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语的结构。故填to skip。67to learn【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：学开车对我来说很简单。分析句子可知，此处考查固定句型It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.，意为“做某事对某人来说是”，此句型中的It是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，故此处应填动词不定式，即to do结构。故填to learn。68to arrive【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们乘飞机花了半个小时到达那里。此处为it takes/took sb. some tim

54、e to do sth.表示“做某事花费某人多少时间”。故填to arrive。69to understand【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：很难理解为什么她每分钟都要叫。此处为it is+adj.+to do句型，it为形式主语，to do为真正的主语，故填to understand。70to represent【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：代表他的同事在会上发言是他的荣幸。It is an honour for sb to do sth，对于某人来说做某事是荣幸的；句子中it做形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to represent。71to ensure【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：

55、确保项目按时完成是她的责任。分析句子可知，句中使用了it is ones responsibility to do句型，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，设空处缺少动词不定式。故填to ensure。72to have【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：能和你一起吃饭是我的荣幸。分析句子结构可知，It是形式主语，后面用动词不定式短语做真正的主语。It is my honour to do sth.表示“做某事是我的荣幸”的意思。故填to have。73to make【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在发表演讲合适吗？it is+名词/形容词+to do为固定句型，意为“做是”，句中it

56、是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语，故填to make。74to learn【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：得知这座有千年历史的寺庙在暴风雨中变成了废墟，我们很震惊。分析句子可知，it是形式主语，“(learn) that the one-thousand-year temple lay in ruins during the storm”是真正的主语，提示词learn应使用不定式形式to learn，作主语。故填to learn75to predict【解析】考查固定句型和非谓语动词。句意：现在仍然无法预测地震会在何时何地发生。It be possible/impossibel to do.为固定

57、句型，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式结构；本句中It是形式主语，“(predict) when and where an earthquake will break out”是真正的主语，用不定式形式。故填to predict。76to know【解析】考查不定式。句意：我们有必要知道所有的事实。it is essential for sb. to do sth.是固定短语，意为“某人有必要做某事”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，因此空格处是不定式to know。故填to know。77to acquire【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他花了很长时间才掌握了成为一名职业艺术家

58、所需的技能。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。It takes/took sb.+时间+to do sth.表示“做某事花费了某人多少时间”，其中it为形式主语，不定式短语为真正的主语。故填to acquire。78to study【解析】考查不定式。句意：对于她的妹妹玛丽来说，学习音乐是一个不错的选择。此处为不定式作句子的主语，表示将要发生的动作。故填to study。79to help【解析】考查不定式。句意：当别人有麻烦，帮助他人是善良的行为。Its good to help sb. 帮助别人很友善，其中it形式主语，不定式是句子真正的主语。故填to help。80to sta

59、re【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：盯着不熟悉的人看是不礼貌的。it是形式主语，此处应用不定式做真正的主语，故填to stare。81to be asked【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：能被邀请给在座的各位做演讲，我感到非常荣幸。根据句子结构分析可知，此处为非谓语动词作主语，因为it为形式主语，因此真正的主语需要使用不定式。因不定式与主语me是被动关系，因此需使用不定式的被动形式。故填to be asked。82to keep【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：事实上，对于警察来说，在一场重要的足球比赛中维持秩序是一项艰巨的工作。固定句型：it be+n.+for sb. to do sth.“对于某

60、人来说做某事是的”，it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故填to keep。83to determine【解析】考查不定式。句意：要确定人才的性质不是一件简单的事情。分析句子结构可知，It是形式主语，空格处应用不定式作真正的主语，因此空格处是to determine，故填to determine。84to surf【解析】考查固定句型。句意：上网是令人兴奋的。观察句子结构可知，此处考查固定句型It+ be+ adj+ to do sth.，意为“做某事是怎样的”，其中it是形式主语，不定式to do是真正的主语。故填to surf。85to complete【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：完成这项工程需要大约100名工人一年的时间。It takes sb. some time to do sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事要花费某人多少时间”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，因此空格处是to complete。故填to complete。