专题07 8BU1-U4一轮复习-2023年江苏中考英语一轮复习（牛津译林版）.docx

1、专题07 8BU1-U4一轮复习8B Unit1知识点知识点1：When I got married in 1965, my wife and I moved two blocks away and weve lived in this area since then.(P8)当我1965结婚的时候，我的妻子和我搬到了两个街区之外，从那之后我一直住在那个地方。marry v.（使）结婚; 娶; 嫁 搭配：marry sb 与某人结婚 marry A to B 把A嫁给B 变形：married adj已婚的 get/be married to sb.marriage n.婚姻知识点2：There

2、 was once a steel factory near the Sunshine River.(P9) 阳光河附近曾经有一个钢铁厂。once: adv.曾经 =used to 【例句】There was once a shopping centre here.=There used to be a shopping centre here. n.一次，一回; = one time 两次 三次 【例句】1. I am used to doing exercise once a week.(划线部分提问） 2. I am used to doing exercise once a week.

3、(划线部分提问） 【答案】twice three times1.How many times are you used to doing exercise a week?2.How often are you used to doing exercise?知识点3：Later the government realized the problem and took action to improve the situation.(P9)后来政府意识到这个问题并采取行动去改善这种情况。（1）realize v. 意识到；实现= 【例句】My dream comes true.=I realize

4、 my dream.（2） improve v 提高；改善；改进【常用短语】improve living standard提高生活水平; improve your English;改善你的英语；【例句】Do you know how to improve your memory?【答案】come true知识点4: It has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before.(P9)对我们来说像以前一样的经常见面已经变得不可能了。（1）此处的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式 to see each other

5、.常用句型：It is +adj+ for sb to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是怎样的。【例句】It is dangerous for us to go out alone at night. （2） as.as.和.一样 not as/ so.as.不如【例句】他和Tom 一样高。 【答案】He is as tall as Tom.知识点5：We mainly communicate by email. The Internet makes communication much easier.我们主要通过邮件交流。英特网使我们的交流变得更容易。(P16)communicate v.

6、 交流 ,沟通；常用搭配： 与.沟通；通话; 用.语言沟通 n.交流 ,沟通；【例句】 We can communicate with people in most parts of the world by telephone. Everything you do is based on some type of communication.【答案】communicate with sb 与.沟通；通话 ;communicate in 用.语言沟通 communication 知识点6：But now the street is wide and clean, with many green

7、 trees on both sides. 但是现在街道宽敞而干净，两边有许多绿树。(P19)（1）with prep. 和（就前原则），跟; 随着; 关于; 和一致; with+宾语+宾语补足语，表示伴随以.(用作伴随状语)【例句】It is dangerous to leave the house with the stove on. It may cause a terrible fire. （介词做补语）Goldfish sleep with eyes open.（形容词做补语）With the development of China, peoples living conditio

8、n has been improved a lot.Tome with his parents (be) in China now. 【答案】with连接主语时是就前原则 is【常用搭配】agree with 同意，符合 with pleasure 很乐意make friends with. shake hands with. do with = meet with 【答案】make friends with.与.交朋友 shake hands with.与.握手do with处理=deal with meet with 偶遇（2）on both sides 在两边 【例句】There are

9、 many trees on both sides of the river.=There are many trees on either/each side of the river.【拓展】on the other side 在另一边8B Unit2知识点知识点1:We hurried to a restaurant to have a quick meal.(P22)我们匆忙去一家餐馆很快吃了一顿饭。hurry :n. 匆忙，急忙 in a hurry_ v. 仓促（做某事）；催促；（朝某方向）迅速移动；hurry up hurry to do sth=do sth in a hurr

10、y 匆忙地去做某事 【例句】We must hurry up, or well be late. Students hurried to the playground to enjoy the exciting match.【答案】in a hurry 立即，匆忙 in no hurry 不着急；不匆忙 hurry up 赶快 知识点2：I ran after them and couldt stop taking photos.(P22)我跟在他们后面跑，忍不住一直拍照。1）run v. 行驶；奔跑；运转；经营 n. 奔跑【例句】The machine cant run properly.这

11、个机器不能正常运转了。【常用短语】run out run after 【答案】 run out 用完；耗尽 run after 追赶2）cant stop doing sth 情不自禁做某事【例句】They cant stop talking about their last night out together.【答案】stop 后面既可以跟doing形式，也可以加to do。Stop doing 停止做某事，指的是手头上正在进行的事情。stop to do是指停止手上正在做的事情去做另一件事情。知识点3：At the end of the day, we watched the firew

12、orks in front of the Sleeping Beauty Castle.(P22) 那天结束的时候，我们在睡美人城堡前看烟火。1) end v. 结束，终止【例句】They ended the discussion at 19:00 in the evening. n. 结束，末端，终止in the end by the end of at the end of from beginning to end 【例句】 Our teacher ran over the main points at the end of each lesson. Government decided

13、 to bring the programme through to the end. Wall Street is at the southern end of the island.【拓展】ending n. (故事、电影等的)结尾，结局；终结; 死亡；毁灭【答案】 in the end 终于，最后 by the end of 到时间为止at the end of 在.结束的时候;在.末尾 from beginning to endin the end/ at the end of前面用介词at后面需要加of,表示：在.的末尾，在.结束的时候。in the end在最后，后面不需要加of。

14、类似的用法有：in the beginning / at the beginning of知识点4：My dad has been to Chengdu on business twice.（P30)我爸爸去过成都出差两次。business n. 商业；生意；事情do business on business none of your business 【例句】The only way you can raise money for a business is through a bank.【答案】do business 做生意 on business 出差 、 none of your bu

15、siness与你无关知识点5：The day finally arrived. (P33)那天终于到达了。1） finally v. 最后，终于 同义词： finally，in the end与at last 【例句】They waited and waited, and the concert finally started. At last，he passed the exam. He tries very hard to pass the exam, and he hopes he will succeed in the end.【答案】 in the end侧重于表示结局，可以用于表示

16、将来。2）arrive v. 到达arrive in/at，get to和reach用法上有何区别？(1) arrive at/in ；(2) get to和reach 。【例句】We arrived at the station as the train was leaving. When did you reach the airport? As soon as you get to the airport, please give me a call.【答案】arrive at后面一般接小地点，如village，town，school，airport等；arrive in后面一般接大地点

17、，如city，country等；get to和reach+地点（随意） reach后面不加介词U2语法：知识点1：现在完成时的概念表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态，或已完成但对现在有一定影响的动作。现在完成时的动词构成：have/has+动词的过去分词常与since，for引导的时间状语，recently, already,ever,yet,just,never连用。知识点2：already与yet用法区别already 用于肯定句，意思是“已经”，放在句中。yet用于否定句和疑问句，意思是“还”，放在句末。例1：I have already worked out this math prob

18、lem.(改为否定句) I worked out the math problem . 【答案】already与yet的转换 have not; yet 知识点3：have/ has been to, have/ has gone to, have/ has been in的区别（1） have/ has been to：曾经去过，已经回来，强调以往的经历。如： The old man has been to Egypt when he was young.（2） have/ has gone to：去了某地，强调还没有回来。如： -Where is your uncle? - He has

19、gone to the supermarket.（3） have/ has been in：待在某地，住在某地。例 ：用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。A: Where _ Li Fei _?B: He _ to Hainan Island.A: How long _ he _ there?B: He _ there for three days.A: When will he come back, do you know?B: Im afraid he wont come back recently.A: Could you tell me the way

20、 to Hainan Island?B: Sorry, I _ never _ there.A: How many times _ Li Fei _ to that place?B: He _ there only once.【答案】has, gone , has gone, has, been, has been ,have ,been , has ,been, has been.知识点4: since和 for 的用法区别和联系(1)since的用法A. since+时间点： since last week，since last Saturday B. since+从ji句，后面的时间状语

21、从句动词用一般过去时，主句动词用现在完成时例：They have learned English since they were 10 years old.(2)for的用法：for+一段时间。for ten years(3)since 和 for 用法的相互转换：for +一段时间= since+ 一段时间+ agoThey have learned English for ten years. = They have learned English since ten years ago.(4)对since和for的提问用how long。如：-How long have you been

22、 in Nanjing?-For three years. / Since three years ago. 例：用for, since, ago填空。1. Sally has been away from London _ last Saturday.2. Our school has changed a lot _ the new building was built.3. Tommy has had this motorcycle _ three years.4. I have been in Nanng _ eight years.5. My parents has been marr

23、ied since twenty years _.6. My cousin joined the army three months _.【答案】1. since 2. since 3. for 4. for 5. ago 6. ago 知识点5:延续性动词和非延续性动词的用法（1）现在完成时与一段时间连用时应注意句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，非延续性动词不能和一段时间连用。如：翻译：这本书我从图书馆已经借了两个多星期了。误：I have already borrowed the book for over two weeks. 正：I have already kept the book

24、for over two weeks. 非延续性动词与一段时间状语连用时要将非延续性动词转化为延续性动词 如：comebe here；gobe there; die-be dead; openbe open; fall asleep-be asleep; catch a cold-have a cold ; borrow-keep; buy-have; join-be in(be a member);leave-be away 等。8B Unit3知识点知识点1:I usually use it to search for information. (P35) 我通常用它来查询信息。1) se

25、arch/s:t/ v. 搜寻常见表达： 为了某物/某事搜身e.g.: The policeman is searching everyone for the diamond.The class teacher searched the desk for the lost money. ： 搜某地e.g.: I searched all the roads I walked past, but found nothing.【答案】search sb.(for sth.) 为了某物/某事搜身search + 地点： 搜某地search & search for的区分：search 强调直接搜索（

26、某人/ 某物/ 某地）; 而search for是寻找，search for food寻找食物；意义不同是主要的差别。知识点2：Further on is Times Square. (P37) 再往前走就是时代广场。1) further& fartherfarther与further都是形容词和副词far的比较级：farfartherfarthest; farfurtherfurthest但是它们在词义和用法上却有区别。 ：e.g.: Therewasalargeshop onthefarthersideofthestreet. Wecantgoanyfartherwithoutarest.

27、 ：e.g.: Thereisacottageonthefurthersideofthehill. Itturnedoutafurtherdistancethanhehadimagined. ：e.g.: Haveyouanyfurtherquestionstoask?Weintendtostayforafurthertwomonths.Ifyouneedfurtherinformation,Isuggestyougotothelibrary.【答案】 farther一般只用于表示有形距离的“较远”、“更远”： further既可表示有形距离的“较远”、“更远”： further也还可表示“更

28、多的”；“另一些”；“进一步的”；“而且”；“此外”等等：2) 倒装句的动词判断此处further为副词，副词或者介词短语开头的句子可以用倒装来起 作用。e.g.: On the wall hangs a picture.【答案】此处further为副词，副词或者介词短语开头的句子可以用倒装来起强调作用。知识点3： It is exciting to see the huge glass ball falling through the darkness. (P37)看巨大的玻璃球在黑暗中落下，真实太让人兴奋了！1) it is + adj+ to do sth. 做某事是的e.g.: It

29、is interesting to do homework and at the same time listen to music.2) see doing 看见 正在做某事see此处为感官实义动词，其用法有两种：see. sb. doing sth see. sb. do sth e.g.: I saw her enter the room. 我看见她进了房间。（看完了整个过程）The little girl often see the man run along the river. （经常性）When I went past the room, I saw a girl dancing

30、 in it. （正在进行）类似的动词还有listen to/ hear/ watch/ notice3) fall 的词组：fall down ； fall asleep ； fall off 【答案】see. sb. doing sth 看见某人正在做某事；see. sb. do sth 看见某人经常做某事或者做过某事fall down 从掉下； fall asleep 睡着； fall off 跌落知识点4: Have you ever dreamt of travelling around the world without a passport? (P42) 你曾经梦见过没有护照环游

31、世界吗？用法讲解：1) dream of sth/ doing sth e.g.: I dreamed of my grandmother last night.He never dreams of winning the first prize.2) without sth/ doing sth e.g.: I go to work without breakfast every day.He often falls asleep without taking off his coat.【答案】1) dream of sth/ doing sth梦见某事/ 梦见做某事 2) without

32、sth/ doing sth. 没有做某事知识点5：how to use the website (P 43) 怎样使用网站 To learn about a city, just find it in the menu at the top of the page and click on it. (P 43) 想要了解一个城市，只要在页码的顶端找到菜单按钮，点击就好。动词不定式 特殊疑问词加to do, 如how to do sth; what to do可以和“特殊疑问词+人称+情态动词+动词” 的结构同义句转换：e.g.: She doesnt know how to use the

33、website. = She doesnt know how she can use the website. 做目的状语动词不定式，通常情况下用来做目的状语，表示做某一件事的目的:e.g.: To get to the park, you should take bus No.1.知识点7：Australian seasons are the opposite of ours. (P44) 澳大利亚的季节与我们的相反。1) opposite n. _e.g.: He is the opposite of his brother. adj. _e.g.: The answers to the

34、questions are on the opposite page. prep. _e.g.: Jennie sat opposite her at breakfast. 2) 进行两个物体的比较时，需要保证前后比较的对象一致。若后面接代词，则用名词性物主代词，若是名词，则用名词所有格。e.g.: My bedroom is different from hers.Their sister is the same as Kittys.【答案】对立的人/物；对面的，对立的；在对面知识点8：Would you mind showing me how to start this online to

35、ur? (P44) 请你演示一下如何开始这个在线旅游好吗？1) mind vt. 介意，在意mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事，此处，sb正式的形式用形容词性物主代词，但一般情况下，用宾格代替：e.g.: Do you mind my (me) opening the window? n. 意识，主意 mind and bodye.g.: I will not change my mind. Never mind 没关系e.g.: -Sorry, I left my book at home.- Never mind. would you mind.的回答：虽然是一般疑问句

36、的句式，但一般不用yes和no直接回答，而用比较委婉的方式，若是介意，则用：Sorry, Im afraid you cant./ Youd better not.若是不介意，则用：Of course not./ Not at all.e.g.: -Would you mind showing me around your school?- Of course not.知识点9：-Thank you for your help. - My pleasure. (P44) -谢谢你的帮助。-不客气。1) pleasure n. 荣幸 Its ones pleasure to do sth. 做某

37、事时某人的荣幸。e.g.: Its my pleasure to help you. my pleasure & with pleasure区分_e.g.: -Can you help me carry the heavy bag? - With pleasure. -Thank you for helping me with all kinds of problems. - Its my pleasure. /My pleasure. = Youre welcome.【答案】两者都是客气的回答方式，但是(its ) my pleasure通常用于对别人的感谢之词的回答，而with pleas

38、ure则是应允帮助别人的回答，即一个是对已经完成的事情的回答，另一个是未做的事情。知识点10：It is made up of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. (P47)它（英国）由英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和爱尔兰组成。1) be made of .由组成e.g.: Our class is made up of 32 boys and 23 girls.回顾：be made from_ be made of_ be made in_ be made by_e.g.: The paper made from wood and the

39、tie made of silk are both made by Mr. Smith and are both made in China.【答案】be made from 由 制成（看不出原材料） be made of由 制成（看出原材料） be made in 在制造 be made by 由某人制造8B Unit4知识点知识点1：Me too. (P49) 我也是。1) me too与me either的区别： 。-I like potato chips.我喜欢吃薯条。- Me too. 我也是。- Im going home.我要回家了。- Me too. 我也是。 。-I cant

40、 swim我不会游泳。- Me either. 我也不会。【答案】 口语中说me too, 其意为“我也一样”，主要用于延续前面的肯定信息。口语中说me either或me neither, 其意均表示“我也不”，主要用于延续前面的否定信息（两者一般可互换）。知识点2：After our ship crashed against the rocks, I swam as far as I could. (P50) 在我们的轮船触礁之后，我尽可能地游。1) against prep: e.g.: I pushed against the door and the door opened at l

41、ast. e.g.: We all should fight against evil. ：e.g.: Dont drive against the traffic.不要逆向行车。【答案】prep: 撞击，碰着，与相撞： 相反；反对；违反；违背；逆： 逆行，逆方向，对着；跟反方向：2) as as sb. can/ could= as as之间可以是副词，也可以是形容词。e.g.: I open the door as soon as I can. = I open the door as soon as possible.It is not as difficult as I thought

42、.【答案】as as sb. can/ could= as as possible 尽某人最大努力/ 尽可能知识点3：By the time I finally felt the land under my feet,1 was tired out. (P50) 当我最后觉得土地在我脚下时，我累坏了。1) by the time“到的时候”，通常引导一个时间状语从句，主句则表示在此时间之前某个事件已完成。从句用一般过去时，主句通常用过去完成时；e.g.: By the time I got to the station, the train had already gone.如果主句的谓语是b

43、e动词或者是像know等表示认知的持续性动词，则往往用一般过去时，不用完成时。By the time he went abroad, he was fourteen.2) be tired out= e.g.: After the two hours trip, I was tired out when I got home.【答案】 be tired out= be worn out 筋疲力尽知识点4：I woke up as the sun was rising(P50)我醒来了，这时太阳正在升起rise和raise这两个词都有“提高，上升，增加”的意思，但其用法不同。 e.g.: Ple

44、ase raise your hand if you know the answer.The sun rises in the east.【答案】raise是及物动词，发出此动作的通常是人，可用于被动语态，意为“举起；提高”，如抬头、举手（目、帽、石头、重物等），还可用作比喻，如提高政治觉悟（生活水平、地位、名誉、声音等）。rise是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态，意为“上升，升起；起身，起立（主语是人）；上涨”以及“（日、月星等）升起到地平线上”。知识点5：It moved up over my stomach and neck until it was standing near my fa

45、ce. (P50)它爬上我的肚子和脖子，直到（它）来到我的脸上。1) stomach n. 胃 pl: e.g.: Do you know what animal has two stomachs？2) until conj. 直到 until用于肯定句中，表示主句的动作一直持续到从句动作发生或状态出现时为止。一般可译为“ ”。在这种用法中，主句的谓语动词必须是持续动词（非瞬间动词），如live, wait, last, love, like, stay, work, continue等。e.g.: I will wait until you come back. until用于否定句中，表示

46、主句的动作在从句的动作发生之前尚未发生，或者说主句的动作在从句的动作发生之后才开始。一般可译为“ ”。e.g.: I didnt leave until the rain stopped.直到雨停了我才离开。 until后面的从句中不能用一般将来时，应该用一般现在时代替，即“ ”。e.g.: He will stay here until his mother comes back.【答案】1) stomach n. 胃 pl: stomachs until用于肯定句中，表示主句的动作一直持续到从句动作发生或状态出现时为止。一般可译为“直到为止” until用于否定句中，表示主句的动作在从句的

47、动作发生之前尚未发生，或者说主句的动作在从句的动作发生之后才开始。一般可译为“直到才”。 until后面的从句中不能用一般将来时，应该用一般现在时代替，即“主将从现”知识点6：I did not know what to say either. (P51)我也不知道说什么。用法讲解：1) 可以表示“也”的单词或短语有also, too, as well与either均表示“也”，但有以下区别： e.g.: He went there too. We didnt go there either.I like you as well. You are also a good student.【答案

48、】also, as well, too用于肯定句，且also常用于be动词、情态动词、助动词之后，行为动词之前；as well, too用于句末；either用于否定句中，置于句末。知识点7：The first Harry Potter book was a great success in the very beginning. (P58) 在一开始，哈利波特第一本书获得了巨大的成功。1) success un. 成功（抽象意义） cn. 成功的人或者事e.g.: He is a great success as a writer.Failure is the mother of succe

49、ss.词汇拓展： vt. succeed 成功地做某事。e.g.: He succeeded in swimming across the river. adj. l成功的e.g.: He is a successful writer. adv. 成功地e.g.: He passed the exam successfully.2) in the beginning 在一开始in the beginning e.g.: In the beginning, he wasnt a boss.at the beginning e.g.: At the beginning of the meeting

50、, they sang a song together. 相同的用法还有endin the end& at the end of【答案】succeed in doing sth. 成功地做某事。adj. successful成功的adv. successfully成功地in the beginning常单独使用，放在句子的开头at the beginning后常加of 知识点8： My friends give me lots of advice on books. (P61) 我的朋友给我许多关于书籍方面的建议。1) advice un .建议 v. advisee.g.: What use

51、ful advice he gave to me!2) advice与suggestion两者都是名词，都表示“建议、意见”. 两者的最大区别在于 e.g.: What a good suggestion he offered me!3) about和on有何区别？about后面所跟的名词的范围比较广；在表示专业的学术性书籍前用on. 但初中范围内不需要区分太开。e.g.: He gave us a talk about money. This is a book on English. 【答案】1) advice un.建议 v. advise2)两者都是名词，都表示“建议、意见”. 两者的

52、最大区别在于advice是不可数名词，表示“一条建议”用a piece of advice,“一些建议”用some advice；而suggestion则是可数名词，表示“一条建议”用a suggestion，“一些建议”用some suggestions，“许多建议”用many suggestions.疑问词加动词不定式(1) 句法功能：“ wh-词不定式” 主要用作宾语或者宾语补足语，跟在动词decide, forget, advise, discuss, remember, understand, think, teach等之后。 e.g.: We must think what to

53、do. I cant decide whom to invite. Daniel taught himself how to use a computer to draw. 除用作宾语外，还可用作主语、表语等。e.g.: When to leave has not been decided.何时离开还没有决定。The question is how to find him.问题是如何找到他。(2) 注意点： 若动词不定式的动词为不及物动词，需要加上后面的介词。e.g. Daniel did not say who to talk to about this book. I dont know

54、who to turn to for help when I have problems. 原则上说，why后不接不定式：误：Kitty explained why to be late for school.正：Kitty explained why she was late for school.不过若不定式不带to，则可用why。e.g.: Why not go there at once? Why argue with her? 但这类结构通常只用于谈论现在和将来，不用于谈论过去。误：Why not clean the room yesterday?正：Why didnt you cl

55、ean the room yesterday?(3) how用于该结构的注意点：有些动词后接“how不定式”作宾语时，how可以省略：e.g.: Did you learn (how) to drive a car?你学过开车吗？但是，有些动词后面接“疑问词how不定式”作宾语时，尽管其中的how在汉语中无需译出，但不能将how省略。e.g.: He knows how to play the piano. He showed her how to swim. (4)“疑问词十不定式”结构可以和复合句转换。e.g.: He asked where he would go shopping af

56、ter supper.He asked where to go shopping after supper.例1: The teacher asked us how we could help him.=The teacher asked us_ _ _ him.【答案】how to help例2: He didnt know where_ his brother.A. find B. to find C. to finding D. finding【答案】B例3: -Excuse me. Could you please tell me_ my car?- Sure. Park it right here. Ill help you.A. how to stop B. where to parkingC. where to stop D. when to park【答案】C例4: 他不知道和谁谈有关旅行的计划。He doesnt know_ _ _ _ about the travel plan.【答案】who to talk to/with