专题14 人与社会之善举与励志--五年（2018—2022）高考英语真题精选分类训练.docx

1、 14 善举与励志Passage1（2022年1月浙江卷）主题语境语篇类型文章词数核心词汇保持健康个人故事263 researchWhen Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy four last year, she started having problems with her _16_ , notably dryness and discomfort. I was simply _17_ a terrible experience, Ms. Burdeyney said at her home in Toronto. I felt so helpless a

2、nd insecure because the quality of my _18_ was affected. Ms. Burdeyney talked to some friends who had _19_ problems and discovered that they were largely suffering in _20_. Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so _21_ she said. But more and more are suffering and lives are being _22_.Eve

3、ntually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research, _23_ at Tel Aviv University in Israel. The research team _24_ Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, who has done_25_ work on eye care using stem cells. Seeing a ray of hope, Ms. Burdeyney began raising _26_ for the project with a friend, Toro

4、nto businessman Meyer Zeifman. _27_ she has raised $ 110, 000 with another $40, 000 _28_ . Im trying to get more and more people to _29_ that there are solutions（解决办法）said Ms. Burdeyney, a trained nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after _30_ . I say there is no old _31_ , theres only

5、neglect （忽视）. Dont stand _32_ , do something about it. Ms. Burdeyney _33_ that she is hoping to do more for the research project. I just want to bring _34_ into people eyes and this is just the _35_. There is still a long way to go16. A. throatB. skinC. lungsD. eyes17. A. getting overB. going throug

6、hC. holding onD. passing down18. A. storyB. treatmentC. lifeD. relationship19. A. similarB. variousC. personalD. special20. A. turnB. peaceC. vainD. silence21. A. unbearableB. abnormalC. insignificantD. disturbing22. A. compromisedB. forgottenC. substitutedD. separated23. A. courseB. programC. paper

7、D. conference24. A. informedB. doubtedC. includedD. dismissed25. A. part-timeB. controversialC. voluntaryD. ground-breaking26. A. moneyB. standardsC. awarenessD. questions27. A. As everB. So farC. In returnD. Once again28. A. wastedB. donatedC. expectedD. earned29. A. imagineB. confirmC. rememberD.

8、understand30. A. retirementB. childbirthC. graduationD. marriage31. A. timeB. ruleC. ageD. tale32. A. straightB. stillC. firmD. alone33. A. commentedB. learnedC. remindedD. added34. A. lightB. joyC. colorD. beauty35. A. futureB. beginningC. truthD. meaning【答案解析】【答案】16. D 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. D 21.

9、C 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个遭受眼睛问题之苦的Burdeyney女士积极为研究项目提供帮助以寻求解决方法的故事。【16题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她开始有眼睛问题，明显干涩和不适。A. throat喉咙；B. skin皮肤；C. lungs肺；D. eyes眼睛。根据第八空前面的句子“Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research”（

10、最终Burdeyney女士了解了一项眼睛研究计划）可知，她有眼睛问题，故选D项。【17题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我只是在经历一段糟糕的体验。A. get over克服；B. go through经历；C. hold on坚持；D. pass down传递下去。根据语境可知，她遭受眼睛问题，这是一段糟糕的经历，故选B项。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感到如此无助和不安，因为我的生活质量受到了影响。A. story故事；B. treatment治疗，对待；C. life生命，生活；D. relationship关系。主人公遭受眼部之苦，生活质量自然会被影响，故选C项。【19题详

11、解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Burdeyney女士同跟她有相似问题的朋友交谈并发现他们中的大多数都在默默地受苦。A. similar相似的；B. various多种多样的；C. personal私人的；D. special特别的。跟与自己有相同问题的人交谈并发现问题，符合语境逻辑，故选A项。【20题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：Burdeyney女士同跟她有相似问题的朋友交谈并发现他们中的大多数都在默默地受苦。A. in turn轮流；B. in peace和平地；C. in vain徒劳地；D. in silence默默地。根据后句“Nobody chooses to talk abo

12、ut it”（没有人想谈论它）可知，他们很多人保持了沉默，故选D项。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说没有人选择谈论它因为这看起来没有意义。A. unbearable无法忍受的；B. abnormal不正常的；C. insignificant无意义的；D. disturbing扰人的。他们闭口不提的原因很可能是因为无意义，其他三个选项不符合一般逻辑，故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是越来越多的人在受苦，生命陷入危险。A. compromise使陷入危险、妥协；B. forget遗忘；C. substitute替代、代替；D. separate分隔。越来越多的人在遭受

13、眼睛问题带来的痛苦，这属于健康问题，威胁生命，故选A项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终Burdeyney女士了解了一项眼睛研究计划，这是在以色列特拉维夫大学的一个项目。A. course课程；B. program项目；C. paper纸、论文；D. conference会议。一项研究通常也被称为一个项目，故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个研究团队包括了一位加拿大博士Allan Slomovic，其已经用干细胞就眼睛护理问题做了开创性的工作。A. inform通知；B. doubt怀疑；C. include包括；D. dismiss解散。根据语境可知，这位专家在这个

14、团队中，故选C项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个研究团队包括了一位加拿大博士Allan Slomovic，其已经用干细胞就眼睛护理问题做了开创性的工作。A. part-time兼职的；B. controversial有争议的；C. voluntary自愿的；D. ground-breaking开创性的。根据后句“Seeing a ray od hope”（看到了一丝希望）可知，他是带来希望的人，是最先做的，他的工作具有开创性，故选D项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到了一丝希望，Burdeyney女士开始和朋友多伦多商人Meryer一起这个项目筹集资金。A. money

15、钱；B. standards标准；C. awareness意识；D. questions问题。根据后文他们筹集了111000美金可知此处指“筹集资金”，故选A项。【27题详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：截至目前，他们已经筹集了111000美金，有望再增加4000美金。A. as ever依旧、和往常一样；B. so far目前；C. in return作为回报；D. once again再一次。根据本句的现在完成时态，应选择so far，他们已经筹集了111000美金，故选B项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：截至目前，他们已经筹集了111000美金，有望再增加4000美金。A. wast

16、e浪费；B. donate捐赠；C. expect期待、预期；D. earn赢得。根据语境目前已经筹集了一笔钱，预期未来还有部分金额，故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Burdeyney说，“我正在努力让越来越多的人明白有解决办法”。A. imagine想象；B. confirm确认；C. remember记得；D. understand理解。结合前文很多人默默地受苦是因为看不到希望，所以要让他们理解办法是有的，故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位受过专业培训的护士在退休之后仍然作为私人培训师在工作。A. retirement退休；B. childbirth出生；

17、C. graduation毕业；D. marriage婚姻。根据still work可知，她本可以不工作了可知，她已经退休了，故选A项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为没有老的年纪，只有忽视。A. time时间；B. rule规则；C. age年龄；D. tale传说。本文主要谈论的是上了年龄的人的眼睛问题，故选C项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不要呆着保持不动，做点什么事情。A. straight直的；B. still静止的；C. firm坚定的；D. alone单独。此处的stand意为“处于某种状态”后跟形容词作表语，呼吁人们采取行动，不要什么都不做，故选B项。【

18、33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Burdeyney补充说她希望为这个项目做得更多。A. comment评论；B. learn学习；C. remind提醒；D. add补充说。前句为她说的话，后面又继续说，即为补充说，故选D项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只是想给人们的眼睛带来光明，这只是一个开始。A. light光明；B. joy乐趣；C. color颜色；D. beauty美。根据常识，眼睛是人们识别光的器官，此处一语双关，只看到的光，也指希望，故选A项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只是想给人们的眼睛带来光明，这只是一个开始。A. future未来；B. begi

19、nning开始；C. truth事实；D. meaning意义。根据后句“There is still a long way to go”（根据后句话有很长的路要走。）可知，只是开始，故选B项。【长难句析】Ms. Burdeyney talked to some friends who had similar problems and discovered that they were largely suffering insilence. 【分析】本句是复合句，含有定语从句who had similar problems，and为并列连词，其后的they were largely suff

20、ering insilence.为宾语从句。【译文】布尔德尼和一些有类似问题的朋友聊了聊，发现他们大部分都在默默忍受。Passage2（2019北京卷）主题语境语篇类型文章词数核心词汇人物故事故事描写416helpRegardless of the weather or the distance，Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.A retired engineer， 76-year-old Wilson has

21、been _11_ free rides to college students for the past eight years. Since he first started _12_ his car to the young people. Wilson has _13_ am astonishing 64， 000 miles， and has had countless pleasant and often humorous _14_ with the students he transports to and from school. The students who hes _1

22、5_ have gone on to become physicians， teachers and engineers， but what theyve also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students _16_ call him “Grandpa”.Tina Stern _17_ rides from Wilson for all her four years in college and the trips meant much more t

23、o her than just free _18_. Its not just a ride；youre not just sitting there in _19_ silence or with your headphones on.” Stern said. “He asks you questions and actually _20_ the answers， so the next time you ride with him， hell _21_ those things.Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-supp

24、ort programme of the non-profit organisation. On Point for College. Although the _22_ asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes， Wilson often goes _23_ to ensure the welfare and safety of the students. If they have problems with registration.Wilson is there to _24_ them. If t

25、hey run out of certain daily necessities. Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase whats needed. If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school， Wilson never _25_ to buy them a meal.For many students， Wilsons help is not only appreciated， its also entirely _26_ for them to

26、 be able to complete their college education. Some students dont have a reliable car， while others have to _27_ vehicles with parents who work six days a week. For them，riding with Wilson has _28_ them to complete their education but according to Wilson， he benefits just as much from the _29_. “I ju

27、st love driving and I love these kids， Wilson said. Its such a(n) _30_ to be a part of these kids lives， even just for a few hours， getting to know them and hearing their stories.11. A. linkingB. sendingC. offeringD. distributing12. A. donatingB. lendingC. deliveringD. volunteering13. A. pavedB. cov

28、eredC. measuredD. wandered14. A. argumentsB. interviewsC. negotiationsD. wandered15. A. metB. drivenC. addressedD. conversations16. A. evenB. everC. onceD. already17. A. earnedB. receivedC. assessedD. demanded18. A. transportationB. styleC. timeD. communication19. A. forcedB. awkwardC. ridiculousD.

29、suspicious20. A. selectsB. recitesC. guessesD. remembers21. A. act onB. settle onC. check onD. agree on22. A. clubB. leagueC. collegeD. programme23. A. farB. aroundC. beyondD. forwards24. A. assistB. watchC. urgeD. warm25. A. expectsB. attemptsC. managesD. hesitates26. A. extraB. unusualC. necessary

30、D. adequate27. A. shareB. fuelC. repairD. exchange28. A. requiredB. allowedC. remindedD. convinced29. A. experienceB. arrangementC. appreciationD. employment30. A. effortB. ambitionC. privilegeD. convenience【答案解析】【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了76岁的Paul Wilson八年来免费接送低收入的学生上学的感人事迹。11.C 【解析】根据第一段可知，Paul Wilson确保低收

31、入的学生按时到达学校。由此可以推知，该句应指：Wilson给那些学生提供免费的乘车服务。故C选项正确。12.D 【解析】根据上文中的“free rides”可知，Wilson是主动自愿将自己的汽车提供给那些学生的。故D选项正确。13.B 【解析】Wilson让那些学生免费搭车，迄今他已经行程64，000英里。表示“行走一段路程”，应用cover。B选项正确。14.D 【解析】Wilson在接送学生们上下学的过程中，和学生之间肯定有“谈话，交谈”，故D选项正确。15.B 【解析】根据上文可知，Wilson每天接送那些学生，这些学生现在已经成为了物理学家，教师，工程师等。该空应该对应上一句中的“h

32、e transports to and from school”，故B选项正确。drive意为“驾车送（人）”。16.A 【解析】这些学生将Wilson当作他们的偶像和朋友，有的甚至称他为“爷爷”。该空表示递进，故A选项正确。17.B 【解析】根据后面的介词from可以推知，Tina Stern从Wilson那儿获得免费的乘车机会。B选项正确。18.A 【解析】对Tina Stern来说，这些行程不仅仅只是免费的运送而已。A选项正确。transportation意为“运送”。19.B 【解析】Tina说：“那不仅仅是坐车而已。你并不只是坐在那儿，陷入令人尴尬的沉默中，也不是戴着耳麦坐在那儿。”

33、 坐在车里，彼此不交谈，只是沉默，这当然是令人尴尬的。故B选项正确。20.D 【解析】在坐车的时候，Wilson会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。D选项正确。21.C 【解析】在坐车的时候，Wilson会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。下一次这些学生再坐车的时候，Wilson会检查上次提到的这些东西。该句指的是在乘车期间，Wilson会利用这个机会了解考查学生们的学习情况。故C选项正确。22.D 【解析】根据上一句中的“programme”可知，D选项正确。Wilson最初通过一个非盈利组织On Point for College的一个项目作一名司机。该项目只要求它的成员们接送孩子们上下学。23.

34、C 【解析】结合下文中提到的“If they have problems with registration， Wilson is there to _ them. If they run out ofIf a student gets hungry”可知，Wilson的所作所为超过了该项目的要求。故C选项正确。24.A 【解析】如果孩子们在登记方面有问题，Wilson会去帮助他们（解决相关的问题）。A选项正确。25.D 【解析】从上文举的例子可知，该部分都表达的是Wilson对孩子们的帮助。因此该处应指：当孩子们在上下学的途中饿了的时候，Wilson都会马上给他们去买吃的，从未犹豫过。D选项

35、正确。26.C 【解析】根据下文中“Some students dont have a reliable car， while others.For them， riding with Wilson has _ them to complete their education”可以推知，对于那些乘车有困难的学生来说，乘坐Wilson的车对于他们完成大学教育来说是必须的。C选项正确。27.A 【解析】有的学生没法得到可靠的汽车，有的学生必须和他们一周工作六天的家长共用车辆。表示“共用”，需用share。A选项正确。28.B 【解析】乘坐Wilson的汽车使得他们可以完成大学教育。表示“使得某人做

36、某事，使某人能够做某事”应该用allow sb. to do sth.。故B选项正确。29.A 【解析】Wilson认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。A选项正确。30.C 【解析】Wilson认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。在这个过程中，他认识了这些学生，听到他们的故事，他认为这是自己的“荣幸”，故C选项正确：荣幸，荣耀。【长难句析】1. The students who hes driven have gone on to become physicians，teachers and engineers，but what theyve also got out of

37、 their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. 【分析】本句是复合句，含有定语从句who hes driven have gone on to become physicians，but为并列连词，其中what theyve also got out of their time in school 为主语从句。【译文】他培养的学生后来成为了医生、教师和工程师，但他们在学校的时间也让他们找到了威尔逊的榜样和朋友。2. Some students dont have a reliable car，while

38、 others have to share vehicles with parents who work six days a week【分析】本句是个复合句，while 为连词，表转折，who work six days a week为定语从句，修饰先行词parents。【译文】一些学生没有一辆可靠的车，而另一些学生不得不与每周工作六天的父母共用一辆车 Passage3（2018全国卷II）主题语境语篇类型文章词数核心词汇亲情描写298 sonTwo weeks earlier， my son， Ben， had got in touch. Hed moved to England with

39、 his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since Id 41 seen him. So imagine my 42 when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me.I was 43 ! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to 44 . The bay was 45 in sunshine， and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the

40、shore. Getting a little 46 ， I realized one kayak（皮划艇） was in 47 . Somethings not 48 ! I took off my T-shirt and 49 into the water. I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle. He was 50 violently. Linking arms with one of the instructors. I helped 51 the young man ou

41、t of the water. He was unconscious and as I looked at his face， something 52 to me. Those brown eyes were very 53 . Whats his name? I asked the instructor. Ben， he replied， and immediately I 54 . That stranger was my son!The instructors called for an ambulance. 55 ， after a brief stay in hospital， B

42、en was well enough to be allowed to 56 and later the family met up for dinner. We chatted about everything and then Ben 57 to me. I just want to say thank you， he said. You 58 my life!I still cant believe what a 59 it was. Im just so glad I was there 60 to help my son.41. A. alsoB. oftenC. evenD. la

43、st42. A. delightB. reliefC. angerD. worry43. A. scaredB. shockedC. thrilledD. ashamed44. A. talkB. stayC. meetD. settle45. A. bathedB. cleanC. deepD. formed46. A. fasterB. closerC. heavierD. wiser47. A. troubleB. advanceC. questionD. battle48. A. realB. rightC. fairD. fit49. A. staredB. sankC. dived

44、D. fell50. A. arguingB. fightingC. shoutingD. shaking51. A. leadB. persuadeC. carryD. keep52. A. happenedB. occurredC. appliedD. appealed53. A. sharpB. pleasantC. attractiveD. familiar54. A. agreedB. hesitatedC. doubtedD. knew55. A. FortunatelyB. FranklyC. SadlyD. Suddenly56. A. returnB. relaxC. spe

45、akD. leave57. A. jokedB. turnedC. listenedD. pointed58. A. createdB. honoredC. savedD. guided59. A. coincidenceB. changeC. pity D. pain60. A. on boardB. in timeC. for sureD. on purpose【答案解析】【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者13年后和儿子见面的情景。在和儿子见面的地点，作者救了一个年轻人，没有想到的是，年轻人竟然是自己13年未见的儿子。41.D 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。根据空前句中可知，儿子在三岁的时

46、候离开，到现在已经13年了。由此可以暗示出是上一次见面。A. also也；B. often经常；C. even甚至；D. last上一次，故选D项切题。42.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，13年没有见到自己的儿子，突然收到儿子的电子邮件，并且说要来看自己。由此可以推知，我很快乐、开心。A. delight高兴，愉快；B. relief (痛苦、忧虑等的)解除，减轻；C. anger怒，忿怒；D. worry担心。故选A项切题。43.C 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据第一段可知，作者13年没有见到自己的儿子，突然收到儿子要来拜访自己的电子邮件，肯定是欣喜若狂。A. scared

47、惊恐的；B. shocked震惊的；C. thrilled欣喜若狂的；D. ashamed惭愧的。故选C项切题。44.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据空前可知，我很早就到了拜伦湾，我们应该在那里见面。A. talk谈话；B. stay停留； C. meet见面；D. settle解决。故选C项切题。45.A 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，早晨海湾应该是沐浴在阳光里。A. bathed沐浴；B. clean清扫；C. deep深处；D. formed形成。故选A项切题。46.B 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据常识和下文儿子出现意外情况可知，只有是离的比较近一点，才能意识到一只皮

48、划艇出现意外。A. faster迅速的；B. closer靠近，逼近(其他船只等)；C. heavier重的，沉重的；D. wiser有智慧的；聪明的。故选B项切题。47.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文儿子出现意外情况可知，一只皮筏艇处于麻烦之中。A. trouble麻烦，困难；B. advance前进，进展；C. question问题，疑问；D. battle战斗，战役。故选A项切题。48.B 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据上句皮划艇处于麻烦之中可知，某件事不正常。A. real真实的；B. right正确的，正常的；C. fair公平的；D. fit合适的。故选B项切题。49.C

49、 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上文皮划艇有麻烦和下文我去帮忙救人可知，我脱掉我的T恤衫，跳入水中。A. stared盯着看，目不转睛地看，凝视；B. sank下沉，沉没；C. dived潜水，跳水；D. fell打倒；击倒。故选C项切题。50.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上文a man lying across the middle和下文He was unconscious可知，应该是剧烈的颤抖、摇动。A. arguing争论，辩论；B. fighting打架；C. shouting呼喊；D. shaking摇动。故选D项切题。51.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。我帮助把年轻人带出水面

50、。A. lead领导，引导，带领；B. persuade说服，劝服；C. carry搬运，装运；D. keep保持；保存，保留；故选C项切题。52.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据句意可知，当我看着他的脸时，我想到了一些事情。occur跟to短语时，表示“想到”，而不是“发生”，happen后接不定式，是碰巧的意思。故选B项切题。53.D 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文，“Whats his name?”可知，他棕色的眼睛对我来说是很熟悉的。A. sharp锐利的；锋利的；B. pleasant愉快的，快乐的，舒适的；C. attractive有吸引力的；引人注目的；D. famili

51、ar亲密的，熟悉的。故选D项切题。54.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“That stranger was my son”可知，我马上就知道。A. agreed同意，赞成，承认，答应；B. hesitated犹豫，踌躇；C. doubted怀疑；疑惑；D. knew知道，了解。故选D项切题。55.A 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。根据空后句子可知，应该是幸运地。A. Fortunately幸运地，侥幸地；B. Frankly率直地，坦白地，真诚地；C. Sadly悲哀地，悲伤地；D. Suddenly突然地，忽然地；故选A项切题。56.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据空前was well

52、 enough可知，应该是被允许出院。A. return返回；报答；B. relax放松，休息；C. speak说；D. leave离开。故选D项切题。57.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“I just want to say thank you”可知，Ben转向我向我说谢谢。A. joked开玩笑；B. turned转向；C. listened听；D. pointed指出。故选B项切题。58.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“I helped carry the man out of the water”可知，应该是挽救了我的生命。A. created创造；创作；B. hono

53、red尊敬；尊重；给与荣誉；C. saved救，拯救；D. guided指导，指挥；故选C项切题。59.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。我没有想到这是多么巧合的一件事呀!A. coincidence巧合，巧事；B. change改变，变更，变换；C. pity怜悯，同情；D. pain疼痛；痛苦。故选A项切题。60.B 【解析】考查介词词组词义辨析。我高兴的是我在那儿及时帮助了我的儿子。A. on board在船上；B. in time及时；C. for sure肯定；D. on purpose目的。故选B项切题。【长难句析】1. Hed moved to England with his mu

54、m when he was three and it had been 13 years since Id last seen him. 【分析】本句是复合句，含有时间状语从句when he was three和since Id last seen him.；and为并列连词，连接两个并列句。【译文】他三岁时随母亲搬到了英国，距离我上次见到他已经有13年了。 2. So imagine my delight when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me.【分析】本句是个复合句， when he emailed me saying

55、为时间状语从句； he wanted to come to visit me.为省略了that的宾语从句。【译文】所以想象一下，当他给我发邮件说他想来看我的时候，我有多高兴。Passage4（2018全国卷III）主题语境语篇类型文章词数核心词汇人际关系事情描述302unknown personWhen most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person， we usually say sorry， 41 number! and move on. But when Dennis Williams 42 a

56、 text that clearly wasnt intended for him， he did something 43 .On March 19， Dennis got a group text 44 him that a couple he didnt know were at the hospital， waiting for the 45 of a baby.Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken， Dennis 46 . The baby was born and update texts were 47 quickly

57、 from the overjoyed grandmother， Teresa. In her 48 ， she didnt seem to realize that she was 49 the babys photos with a complete stranger. Well， I dont 50 you all but I will get there to take pictures with the baby， replied Dennis before asking which room the new 51 were in.Much to the familys surpri

58、se， Dennis stuck to his 52 ! He turned up at the hospital 53 gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy. Lindseys husband was totally 54 by the unexpected visit. I dont think we would have randomly invited him over but we 55 it and the gifts.Teresa 56 a photo of the chance meeting on a social

59、 networking website 57 by the touching words: What a 58 this young man was to our family! He was so 59 and kind to do this. The post has since gained the 60 of social media users all over the world， receiving more than 184，000 shares and 61，500 likes in just three days.41. A. unlucky B. secret C. ne

60、w D. wrong42. A. received B. translated C. copied D. printed43. A. reasonable B. special C. necessary D. practical 44. A. convincing B. reminding C. informing D. warning 45. A. wake-up B. recovery C. growth D. arrival46. A. responded B. interrupted C. predicted D. repeated47. A. coming in B. setting

61、 out C. passing down D. moving around48. A. opinion B. anxiety C. excitement D. effort49. A. comparing B. exchanging C. discussing D. sharing50. A. accept B. know C. believe D. bother51. A. parents B. doctors C. patients D. visitors52. A. dream B. promise C. agenda D. principle53. A. bearing B. coll

62、ecting C. opening D. making54. A. discouraged B. relaxed C. astonished D. defeated55. A. admit B. need C. appreciate D. expect 56. A. found B. selected C. developed D. posted 57. A. confirmed B. simplified C. clarified D. accompanied58. A. pity B. blessing C. relief D. problem59. A. smart B. calm C.

63、 sweet D. fair60. A. sympathy B. attention C. control D. trust【答案解析】【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了Dennis Williams认真对待陌生人的信息，使陌生人倍受感动的故事。41. D 【解析】考查形容词。根据后文But when Dennis Williams 42 a text that clearly wasnt intended for him， he did something 43 以及后文他所做的事情可以得知，大部分人会回应拨错号了。A. unlucky不幸的；B. secret秘密的；C. new新的

64、；D. wrong错误的。故选D。42.A 【解析】考查动词。根据文章第一句When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person可以推知，他接到了电话。A. received收到；B. translated翻译；C. copied复制；D. printed印刷。故选A。43.B 【解析】考查形容词。根据后文内容可知，他做了与众不同的事情，所以用special合适。A. reasonable合理的；B. special特别的；C. necessary必要的；D. practical现实可行的。44.

65、C 【解析】考查动词。根据后句a couple he didnt know were at the hospital， waiting for the _ of a baby.可知，这对陌生夫妇是在告诉他这个消息。A. convincing让人信服的；B. reminding提醒；C. informing通知；D. warning警告。故选C。45.D 【解析】考查名词。根据下文The baby was born可知，他们在等候新生儿的到来。A. wake-up醒来；B. recovery恢复；C. growth成长；D. arrival到来。故选D。46. A 【解析】考查动词。根据前句内容

66、可知，这是Dennis的回复。A. responded回复；B. interrupted打断；C. predicted预料；D. repeated重复。故选A。47.A 【解析】考查动词短语。根据本句The baby was born and update texts were 47 quickly from the overjoyed grandmother， Teresa.可知，消息很快再次进来。A. coming in进来；B. setting out着手；C. passing down使流传；D. moving around走来走去。故选。48. C 【解析】考查名词。根据本句In h

67、er 48 ， she didnt seem to realize that she was 49 the babys photos with a complete stranger.可知，这位妈妈太兴奋，没有意识到把照片分享给了陌生人。A. opinion观点；B. anxiety焦虑；C. excitement兴奋；D. effort努力。故选C。49.D 【解析】考查动词。根据后文I will get there to take pictures with the baby replied Dennis before asking which room the new 51 were i

68、n可知，Dennis 收到了Teresa发来的照片，所以是她跟陌生人分享了照片。A. comparing比较；B. exchanging交换；C. discussing讨论；D. sharing分享。故选D。50.B 【解析】考查动词。根据前文Dennis got a group text 44 him that a couple he didnt know可知，Dennis不认识他们。A. accept接受；B. know认识，了解；C. believe相信；D. bother打扰，麻烦。故选。51.A 【解析】考查名词。根据前文可以推知，这对夫妇为新父母。A. parents父母；B. d

69、octors医生；C. patients病人；D. visitors游客。故选A。52.B 【解析】考查名词。根据后文He turned up at the hospital 53 gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy.可知，他坚守了自己对于新妈妈Lindsey和她的孩子礼物的承诺。A. dream梦想；B. promise承诺；C. agenda会议议程；D. principle原则。故选B。53.A 【解析】考查动词。根据语境可知，他是拿着礼物来的。A. bearing携带，拿；B. collecting收集；C. openin

70、g打开；D. making制造。故选A。54.C 【解析】考查形容词。根据unexpected可知，她丈夫是十分惊讶。A. discouraged沮丧；B. relaxed放松的；C. astonished吃惊的；D. defeated打败的。故选C。55.C 【解析】考查动词。根据语境以及后文往网上发帖可知，Teresa夫妇十分感激Dennis的到来以及带来的礼物。A. admit承认；B. need需要；C. appreciate感激；D. expect期望。故选C。56.D【解析】考查动词。根据后文The post has since gained the 60 of social me

71、dia users all over the world， receiving more than 184，000 shares and 61， 500 likes in just three days.可知，她把照片贴到了网上。A. found发现；B. selected选择；C. developed发展；D. posted发帖。故选D。57.D 【解析】考查动词。根据语境可知，照片后面附着一段感人的文字。A. confirmed确定；B. simplified简化；C. clarified分类；D. accompanied伴随着。故选D。58.B 【解析】考查名词。根据语境可推知，这位母亲

72、认为这位年轻的陌生人来看望宝宝是上帝的祝福。A. pity同情，怜悯；B. blessing祝福；C. relief放松，如释重负；D. problem问题。故选B。59.C【解析】考查形容词。根据语境He was so 59 and kind to do this.可知，与kind并列，所以用sweet，表甜美善良。A. smart聪明的；B. calm冷静的；C. sweet甜美的；D. fair公平的。故选C。60. B 【解析】考查名词。根据文章最后一句The post has since gained the 60 of social media users all over the

73、 world， receiving more than 184，000 shares and 61， 500 likes in just three days.可知，三天里有184，000人分享，61，500点赞，所以是引起了极大关注。A. sympathy同情；B. attention关注；C. control控制；D. trust信任。故选B。【长难句析】1. But when Dennis Williams received a text that clearly wasnt intended for him, he did something special.【分析】本句是复合句，含有

74、【译文】但当丹尼斯威廉姆斯收到一条显然不是给他的短信时，他做了一些特别的事情。 2. On March 19, Dennis got a group text informing him that a couple he didnt know were at the hospital，waiting for the arrival of a baby.【分析】本句是个复合句，that a couple he didnt know were at the hospital是宾语从句；waiting for the arrival of a baby为现在分词短语做伴随状语。【译文】3月19日，丹

75、尼斯收到了一条群短信，告诉他一对他不认识的夫妇在医院等待孩子的到来。 Passage5（2021年全国乙卷）Simply saying thank you doesnt seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a _41_ just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different _42_ of gr

76、atitude(感谢). My thoughts were soon _43_. We had a woman patient who was _44_ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while _45_ to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was _46_ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, _47_the emergency medical team and good teamwor

77、k. But she recovered, though _48_, and was ready for discharge(出院)after four weeks. She was _49_ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her _50_ at her recovery. As she was _51_ she was eager to say _52_ to each of us in the nursing t

78、eam. When she _53_ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague _54_ to accept it, saying that we were all just _55_ our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then _56_:“Oh this isnt for the_57_ I had. I take that as a _58_. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.” A

79、nd there you have it. To many people,_59_lives is part of the job but styling hair is an _60_ and should be rewarded.41. A. cleanerB. chemistC. nurseD. doctor42. A. gradesB. meaningsC. needsD. expectations43. A. brushed asideB. put to the testC. brought under discussionD. taken into account44. A. de

80、partingB. escapingC. retiringD. recovering45. A. attemptingB. choosingC. pausingD. promising46. A. eventuallyB. fortunatelyC. casuallyD. secretly47. A. assessingB. requiringC. formingD. proving48. A. slightlyB. accidentallyC. slowlyD. happily49. A. gratefulB. thoughtfulC. sorrowfulD. fearful50. A. s

81、urpriseB. delightC. curiosityD. disappointment51. A. operatingB. thinkingC. hesitatingD. leaving52. A. sorryB. helloC. goodbyeD. yes53. A. reachedB. consultedC. introducedD. persuaded54. A. wishedB. pretendedC. failedD. refused55. A. enjoyingB. doingC. securingD. starting56. A. repeatedB. recitedC.

82、repliedD. reported57. A. courageB. patienceC. dutyD. care58. A. goalB. givenC. pushD. greeting59. A. riskingB. changingC. savingD. building60. A. honourB. abilityC. openingD. extra【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. B 51. D 52. C 53. A 54. D 55. B 56. C 57. D 58. B 59. C 60

83、. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过作者做护士期间遇到的一个女病人为例，表达了我们应该对别人的付出表示真诚的感谢，即使他们只是做了自己分内的事。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几周前我在做护士的时候就在考虑这个问题。A. cleaner清洁工；B. chemist化学家，药剂师；C. nurse护士；D. doctor医生。根据下文的“as she was 11 she was eager to say 12 to each of us in the nursing team.”可知，当时作者是一名护士。故选C。【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我突然想到，如果我们

84、有一系列表达不同程度感激之情的词语，那会容易得多。A. grades分数，级别，程度；B. meanings意思；C. needs需求；D. expectations期待。根据上文的“simply saying thank you doesnt seem enough in certain situations”可知，作者认为如果有表达不同程度感谢的词，那么感谢就容易得多了。故选A。【43题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的想法很快就进行了测验。A. brushed aside撇开；B. put to the test经受考验，接受的考验；C. brought under discussion

85、在讨论中；D. taken into account考虑。结合下文讲述女病人对护士们的所为，可知作者的想法立即接受了测验。故选B。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们有一个病人膝盖置换手术后正在康复。A. departing出发，离开；B. escaping逃跑；C. retiring退休；D. recovering恢复。结合下文提到手术和病人从床上摔下来可知，病人正在恢复中。故选D。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她因心脏病而摔倒了。A. attempting试图，尝试；B. choosing选择；C. pausing暂停；D. promising承

86、诺。结合上文提到这是个膝盖有伤的病人，可推知她尝试着自己上床。故选A。【46题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她因心脏病而摔倒了。A. eventually最后；B. fortunately幸运地；C. casually随意地；D. secretly秘密地。结合上文病人是因为膝盖置换手术而住院，由此可知，此处是指最终发现摔倒是因为心脏病。故选A。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次摔倒是灾难性的，需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。A. assessing评估；B. requiring需要；C. forming形成；D. proving证明。根据“the coll

87、apse was disastrous”可知，要想把病人治好需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。故选B。【48题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然很慢，但她恢复了，四周后就可以出院了。A. slightly轻微地；B. accidently意外地；C. slowly缓慢地；D. happily幸福地。根据上文的“the collapse was disastrous”可知，要从灾难性的病痛中恢复一定很慢。故选C。【49题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对医疗及护士团队为她所作的一切都非常感激。A. grateful感激的；B. thoughtful体贴的；C. sorrowful伤心的，悲伤的；

88、D. fearful恐惧的。结合下文女病人离开前和大家一一道别，推知她对大家的付出表示感激。故选A。50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她出院那天，我们分享了她康复的喜悦。A. surprise惊喜；B. delight喜悦；C. curiosity好奇心；D. disappointment失望。根据下文的“her recovery”可知，此处是指分享她康复的喜悦。故选B。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她要离开时，她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。A. operating手术；B. thinking思考；C. hesitating犹豫；D. leaving离开。根据上文的“o

89、n her day of discharge”可知，女病人要出院了，所以此处是指当她即将离开医院时。故选D。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她要离开时，她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。A. sorry抱歉；B. hello你好；C. goodbye再见；D. yes同意。根据上文的“on her day of discharge”可知，女病人要出院了，由此推知她对护理团队的人告别，say goodbye to sb.“和某人告别”符合语境。故选C。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她走到一个护士身边时，她试图塞一张五英镑的钞票在她手里。A. reached到达；B. co

90、nsulted咨询；C. introduced介绍；D. persuaded说服。结合上文提到女病人出院时要和护士们一一道别可知，此处是指她走到一个护士的身边，用“reach”符合语境。故选A。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A. wished希望；B. pretended假装；C. failed失败；D. refused拒绝。结合常识和下文的“we were all just 13 our job”可知，作者的同事拒绝收下女士给的钱。故选D。【55题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A. enj

91、oying享受；B. doing做；C. securing获得，保护；D. starting开始。根据上文提到作者的同事拒绝收下钱可推知，她认为照顾病人只是做了自己应该做的事情而已。故选B。【56题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. repeated重复；B. recited背诵；C. replied回答，回应；D. reported报道。结合上文作者同事说照顾女士是自己的工作，不应该得到额外的礼物可知，此处是女病人对同事说的话的回应。故选C。【57题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个

92、病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. courage勇气；B. patience耐心；C. duty职责；D. care照顾。根据下文的“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”可知，女病人并不是因为护士的照顾才给的五英镑。故选D。【58题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. goal目标；B. given该给的东西；C. push推力；D. greeting招呼。根据上

93、文的“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”推知，女病人认为她得到的照顾是护士们应该给她的（东西）。故选B。【59题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但发型是额外的，应该得到奖励。A. risking冒险；B. changing改变；C. saving拯救，挽救；D. building建设。根据上文内容可知，医生和护理团队拯救了女病人的生命可知，此处指很多人认为拯救生命是医生和护士工作的一部分。故选C。【60题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但做发型是额外的事情，应该得到奖励。A

94、. honour荣誉；B. ability能力；C. opening开口处；D. extra额外的东西。根据下文的“To many people， 19 lives is part of the job”和“but”可知，此处指做发型是本职工作以外的事情，即额外做的事情，应该得到奖励。故选D。Passage6Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success _36_ fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the _37_ in our li

95、ves.When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931， he had no _38_ of knowing that his life was to change _39_. The class experiment that day was to _40_ how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. _41_， the container the te

96、acher gave Wilson to heat _42_ held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water. When Wilson heated it， the container _43_， leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later， his parents _44_ to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had _45_ their live

97、s. But Wilson did not regard the accident as _46_. He learned braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There， he not only did well as a student but also became a(n)_47_ public speaker.Later， he worked in Africa， where many people suffered from _48_ for lac

98、k of proper treatment. For him， it was one thing to _49_ his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue _50_ it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the _51_ Wilson made to preventing the _52_.Wil

99、son received several international _53_ for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a _54_. He proved that its not what happens to us that _55_ our lives-its what we make of what happens.36. A. dependsB. holdsC. keepsD. reflects37. A. dilemmasB. accidentsC. eventsD. steps38. A. wayB. ho

100、peC. planD. measure39. A. continuallyB. graduallyC. gracefullyD. completely40. A. directB. showC. advocateD. declare41. A. AnywayB. MoreoverC. SomehowD. Thus42. A. mistakenlyB. casuallyC. amazinglyD. clumsily43. A. eruptedB. explodedC. emptiedD. exposed44. A. deservedB. attemptedC. caredD. agreed45.

101、 A. submitted toB. catered forC. impressed onD. happened to46. A. fantasticB. extraordinaryC. impressiveD. catastrophic47. A. accomplishedB. crucialC. specificD. innocent48. A. deafnessB. depressionC. blindnessD. speechlessness49. A. decideB. abandonC. controlD. accept50. A. untilB. whenC. unlessD.

102、before51. A. oppositionB. adjustmentsC. commitmentD. limitations52. A. preventableB. potentialC. spreadableD. influential53. A. scholarshipsB. rewardsC. awardsD. bonuses54. A. fortuneB. recipeC. dreamD. vision55. A. distinguishesB. determinesC. claimsD. limits【答案】36. A 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. B 41. C

103、42. A 43. B 44. B 45. D 46. D 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. C 54. D 55. B【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。因为一次意外，威尔逊失明了。但是，他并没有抱怨命运的不公，而是努力地学习，接受教育。他通过自己的努力帮助很多人恢复了视力，获得了很多国际大奖。他的例子告诉我们：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。36.考查动词词义辨析。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情看法。A. depends依靠；B. holds握，持有；C. keeps保持；D. reflects反映

104、。结合空后的介词on可知，仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的。成功从根本上“取决于”我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。depend on：取决于。故选A。37.考查名词词义辨析。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A. dilemmas进退两难的处境；B. accidents意外事故；C. events事，事件；D. steps脚步，步骤。结合文章最后一句“He proved that its not what happens to us that 55 our lives-its what we make of what happens”可知，我们对所发生的事情的看

105、法决定了我们的生活。空处对应what happens(发生的事)。故选C。38.考查名词词义辨析。句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. way方法，方式；B. hope希望；C. plan计划；D. measure措施。John Wilson“无法”预知将会发生的事情。故选A。39.考查副词词义辨析。句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. continually不断地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. gracefully优雅地；D. completel

106、y完全地。结合下文可知，一场意外导致他失明，这“完全”改变了他的生活。故选D。40.考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天的课堂实验是为了展示加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。A. direct指导，引导；B. show展示；C. advocate提倡，倡导；D. declare宣布。那天的课堂实验的目的是“展示”加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。故选B。41.考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A. Anyway无论如何，不管怎样；B. Moreover而且；C. Somehow不知怎么地；D. Thus因此。不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加

107、热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。故选C。42.考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A. mistakenly错误地；B. casually随意地；C. amazingly令人惊奇地；D. clumsily笨拙地。老师“误”在容器里装了更容易挥发的东西而没有装水，结果导致了爆炸的发生。故选A。43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当威尔逊把它加热时，容器爆炸了，导致威尔逊失明。A. erupted爆发，喷出；B. exploded爆炸；C. emptied腾空，掏空；D. exposed揭露，使暴露。因为容器内装的不是水，而是更容易挥发的物质，所以，

108、当威尔逊把它加热时，容器“爆炸”了，导致Wilson失明。故选B。44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. deserved值得，应得，应受；B. attempted视图，尝试；C. cared关心，在乎； D. agreed同意。孩子失明了，身为父母，他们当然要“试图”找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。故选B。45.考查动词短语辨析。句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. submitted to提交，服从；B. catered for迎合；C. im

109、pressed on给留下印象；D. happened to发生。这场事故“发生”在了威尔逊一家人的生活中。故选D。46.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但威尔逊并不认为这次事故是灾难性的。A. fantastic极好的；B. extraordinary不同寻常的；C. impressive给人深刻印象的；D. catastrophic灾难性的，毁灭性的。根据上文his parents 44 to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had 45 their lives.以及结合生活常识，失明对于任何一个人来说都是一场灾难。根据but转折可知，威

110、尔逊并没有将这场事故看作是“灾难性的”。故选D。47.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他不仅是一名出色的学生，而且成为了一名出色的演说家。A. accomplished才华高的，有成就的；B. crucial至关重要的，关键性的；C. specific特定的，具体的；D. innocent无辜的，天真的。前一句提到威尔逊很快学会了盲文，并在伍斯特盲人学院继续接受教育。结合该句中的not onlybut also可以推知，他不仅是个好学生，而且是个非常好的公共演说家。选项中只有A选项表达此意。故选A。48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，他在非洲工作，那里的许多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。A.

111、deafness聋，听力不佳；B. depression沮丧；C. blindness瞎；D. speechlessness哑口无言。结合后文中的“And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the 51 Wilson made to preventing the 52 ”可知，很多人因为威尔逊的努力而复明。由此推知，在非洲，有很多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而“失明”。故选C。49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. decid

112、e决定；B. abandon抛弃；C. control控制；D. accept接受。根据上文中的“But Wilson did not regard the accident as 46 . He learned braille(盲文)quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There， he not only did well as a student but also became a(n) 47 public speaker”可知，威尔逊失明之后，他没有抱怨命运的不公，反而努力进取，由

113、此推知，他“接受”了自己失明的事实。故选D。50.考查连接词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. until直到；B. when在情况下，当时候；C. unless如果不；D. before在之前。在很容易解决那么多人失明的情况下，让他们继续失明下去完全是另一回事。when表示“在情况下”。故选B。51考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都可以恢复视力了。A. opposition反对；B. adjustments调整，调节；C. commitment奉献，投

114、入；D. limitations限制。根据前文中的“This moved him to action”可知，威尔逊行动起来，努力地去预防那些可以预防的情况。因为他的“奉献”，很多人恢复了视力。该空和53空后的great contributions呼应。故选C。52.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都能够恢复视力了。A. preventable可预防的，可阻止的；B. potential潜在的，有潜力的；C. spreadable(黄油等)容易被涂开的；D. influential有影响力的。结合空前的prevent可知，威尔逊努力地去预防“可

115、以预防的”情况。故选A。53.考查名词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊因其巨大的贡献获得了几个国际奖项。A. scholarships奖学金；B. rewards奖励，回报；C. awards奖，奖品；D. bonuses红利，津贴。因为他的巨大贡献，威尔逊获得了几个国际“大奖”。故选C。54.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他失明了，但找到了视野。A. fortune运气，财富；B. recipe食谱，秘诀；C. dream梦，梦想；D. vision视野。根据前文叙述可知，虽然威尔逊失明了，但是他却通过努力，帮助了很多人，为世界做出了巨大贡献。由此推知，他虽然看不见，但是他的“眼界”开阔，做到了很多人都做不

116、到的事情。故选D。55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他证明了并不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活，而是我们如何看待发生的事情。A. distinguishes区分，辨别；B. determines决定；C. claims宣称；D. limits限制。结合第一段中的“Success 36 fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the 37 in our lives”可知，成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。即：并不是发生的事情“决定”我们的生活，而是我们对发生的事情的看法“决定”了我们的生活。故选B。Passage7（2

117、019天津卷）I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night，when fear seized me. My wallet was gone. I could only have left it on the G9 bus，which was now speeding in the dark to some_16_station.The_17_moment was quickly followed by mental math. How much time and money would it cost to replace

118、 the_18_of that little wallet？The credit cards，the drivers license，the cash，all lost to the bus.Two hours later，back at my house，I heard a knock on the door. My husband _19_it while I was on the phone in the dining room. Does Jennifer live here？ I heard a lady say. In my husbands hand was my wallet，

119、with not a penny_20_. She left before I could _21_ make it to the door to offer my thanks.After sharing the story online，I heard from someone，who _22_ the lady as Erin Smith. Without _23_ ，I called to thank her. She said she _24_ my wallet on a bus seat. She_25_that going to a strangers house was a

120、_26_ move，but she decided to take the chance. If I were in that _27_ I would want someone to try to find me， she said.This one stranger responded beautifully to my small _28_ ，but she actually wasnt the only one. Right after Erin _29_ my wallet on the bus，she posted a picture of my drivers license t

121、o an online forum（论坛），trying to see _30_ anyone knew me. No sooner did she leave my doorstep than I had emails from two women whose kids go to my sons nursery and who recognized my face. Ive never _31_ words with those moms beyond small tall，but they wanted to help. I read that people are more divid

122、ed than ever，but thats not how the people I_32_tend to act._33_，I feel blessed someone had wanted to help a stranger. Erin had gone _34_what almost anyone would have done，finding my house on a bitterly cold night，and for that I was extremely _35_ .16. A. accessibleB. hiddenC. unknownD. convenient17.

123、 A. face-savingB. brain-washingC. eye-catchingD. heart-stopping18. A. partsB. contentsC. detailsD. ingredients19. A. ignoredB. answeredC. examinedD. interrupted20. A. missingB. returnedC. remainingD. abandoned21. A. stillB. everC. yetD. even22. A. selectedB. appointedC. identifiedD. defined23. A. de

124、layB. alarmC. regretD. invitation24. A. movedB. placedC. openedD. spotted25. A. disagreedB. complainedC. calculatedD. recommended26. A. selflessB. riskyC. slowD. personal27. A. siteB. directionC. situationD. atmosphere28. A. crisisB. dangerC. threatD. failure29. A. got rid ofB. made use ofC. had con

125、trol ofD. took possession of30. A. ifB. whereC. howD. when31. A. recalledB. exchangedC. repeatedD. whispered32. A. encounterB. followC. consultD. accompany33. A. Going awayB. Turning aroundC. Looking back？D. Coming along34. A. intoB. againstC. overD. beyond35. A. longingB. enthusiasticC. concernedD.

126、 grateful【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。作者将钱包落在了公共汽车上，Erin捡到了作者的钱包，在寒冷的黑夜亲自登门归还钱包。作者深受感动。文章叙述了事情的来龙去脉和作者的感受。16. C【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据前文的“fear seized me. My wallet was gone.”可以推知，作者将钱包落在了公共汽车上，而汽车正在开往某个作者未知的地方，这使得找回钱包的希望渺茫，因此作者心生“恐惧”。故C选项(unknown)切题。17. D【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据上一段中的“fear seized me”可以推知，作者在发现丢了钱包之后的第一感觉是“害怕”。之后

127、，作者开始在内心计算找回钱包里的那些东西所需要的时间和钱数。故该空应和fear表达的意思相近，D选项（heart-stopping）切题：令人心跳停止的，惊心动魄的。18. B【解析】考查名词辨析。该空指下文中提到的“the credit cards， the drivers license， the cash”，这些都是钱包里装的东西。故选B(content)：所含之物，所容纳之物。19.B 【解析】考查动词辨析。两小时后有人敲门，丈夫去应门。B选项（answer）切题：应（门）；接（电话）；应答。20. D【解析】考查动词辨析。结合下文的陈述可知，那位女士捡到了作者的钱包，她拾金不昧，将钱

128、包完璧归赵。由此可以推知，该处指“钱包里的钱一分也没有丢失”。故A选项（missing）切题：不见的，丢失的。21. D【解析】考查副词辨析。作者甚至还没有来得及到门口感谢那位女士，她就离开了。该空表示“甚至”，故选D选项（even）：甚至。22. C【解析】考查动词辨析。在网上分享了这个故事之后，作者收到了某个人的来信，这个人确认了那位女士是Erin Smith。C选项(identify)切题：确认，认出，识别。23. A【解析】考查动词辨析。找到了那位拾金不昧的女士，作者当然要“马上，毫不耽搁地”打电话去感谢对方。A选项（delay）切题：耽搁，延迟。24. D【解析】考查动词辨析。作者将

129、钱包落在了公共汽车上，Erin是在一个座位上发现了它。该空表示“发现”，故选D选项(spot)：发现，认出。25. C 【解析】考查动词辨析。根据文章最后一段中的“a bitterly cold night”可知，这件事发生在一个寒冷的晚上。同时，Erin又不认识作者。由此推知，该句应指：Erin估计去一个陌生人的家是一个冒险的举动。C选项（calculate）正确：估算，估计，预料。26. B【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的转折词but可知，该句和she decided to take the chance（她决定冒险）是转折关系。那么该句应指去一个陌生人家是一个冒险的举动。故B选项（r

130、isky）正确：冒险的。27. C【解析】考查名词辨析。该句叙述的是Erin当时的想法：“如果我处在那种情况下（指丢了钱包这种情形），我希望有个人努力地找到我”。该空表示“情况，情形”，故选C选项（situation）：情况，情形。28.A 【解析】考查名词辨析。作者丢了钱包，对于作者来说，这是一个“危机，危难时刻”。故选A选项（crisis）：危机，危难时刻。29. D【解析】考查动词短语辨析。Erin捡到了作者的钱包，在归还作者之前，钱包在Erin的手里，Erin暂时“拥有，占有”作者的钱包。故D选项正确。take possession of意为“拥有，占有”。30. A【解析】考查连词辨

131、析。Erin把作者的驾照图片发到一个论坛里，想看看是否有人认识作者。该空表示“是否”，故选A选项（if）：是否。31. B【解析】考查动词辨析。根据后面的转折词but可知，该句和后面一句（她们想帮忙）转折关系，由此推知，该句指：除了闲聊，作者和那两位妈妈从来没有说过话，即：从未和她们“交换过词语”。B选项（exchange）正确：交换，互换。32. A【解析】考查动词辨析。作者曾经读到这样的说法：人们比以往更加四分五裂，即：人们不像以前那样团结，不像以前那样互相帮助了。但是，作者遇到的这些人的行为方式不是那样的。上文中提到的Erin，two moms都是作者遇到的人。故A选项（encounte

132、r）正确：偶遇，遇到，邂逅。33. C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。回顾发生的这件事，作者感到很幸运：有人想帮助一个陌生人。C选项（look back）正确：回顾，追忆。34.D 【解析】考查介词辨析。根据倒数第二段中提到的“people are more divided”可以推知，一般人在捡到别人的钱包后，都不会像Erin那样亲自归还失主。因此该句指：Erin的所作所为远远超越了其他人的行为。该空表示“超过，超越”，故选D选项（beyond）：超过，超越。35. D【解析】考查形容词辨析。Erin在寒冷的黑夜亲自登门归还作者的钱包，作者对此非常感激。D选项（grateful）正确：感激的。Pas

133、sage8（2022年新高考II卷）Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-old is doing it _21_ . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive _22_ , but

134、 the couple has an unusual way to make their travel _23_ . Theyre part of a new form of the _24_ economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no-cost stays in _25_ homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowners _26_ . Its not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully _27_

135、 their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to _28_ . But house sitting also offers a level of _29_ they cant find in a hotel. “Its like _30_ at a friends house,” Jessica says. The couple has a high _31_ rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always g

136、o beyond the homeowners _32_ . For Jessica, that means _33_ plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house _34_ and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right _35_ ,” she says. 21. A. indoorsB. onlineC. single-handed

137、D. full-time22. A. gameB. serviceC. vacationD. procedure23. A. safeB. busyC. helpfulD. affordable24. A. localB. privateC. sharingD. agricultural25. A. strangersB. parentsC. co-workersD. neighbors26. A. favorB. defenseC. honorD. absence27. A. planB. explainC. compareD. complete28. A. buyB. transportC

138、. chooseD. please29. A. supportB. comfortC. controlD. attention30. A. cookingB. stayingC. waitingD. studying31. A. successB. survivalC. growthD. unemployment32. A. budgetB. abilitiesC. expectationsD. understanding33. A. admiringB. donatingC. sendingD. borrowing34 A. cleanB. openC. simpleD. empty35.

139、A. guessB. decisionC. responseD. impression【答案】21. D 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. C 34. A 35. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Jessica和丈夫通过当看房人来环球旅行的事情。在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与他们中的大多数人不同，这位25岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。

140、A. indoors室内；B. online在线的；C. single-handed单手的；D. full-time全职的。根据后文“She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. (在过去的两年里，她和她的丈夫周游世界，从巴黎到新加坡都在这里停留)”可知，这位25岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。故选D。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行

141、负担得起。A. game游戏；B. service服务；C. vacation假期；D. procedure手续。结合上文可知Jessica在环球旅行，所以是假期。故选C。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. safe安全的；B. busy忙碌的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. affordable买的起的。对应上文“It might sound like one long, expensive”指听起来昂贵，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。故选D。【24题详解】考查形容词词义

142、辨析。句意：他们是共享经济新形式的一部分：在线看房者。A. local当地的；B. private私人的；C. sharing分享；D. agricultural农业的。根据后文“economy: an online group of house sitters”以及提到他们免费住在陌生人家里，可见是共享经济，故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。A. strangers陌生人的；B. parents父母的；C. co-workers同事的；D. neighbors邻居的。根据上文可知他们在环球旅行，所以是住在

143、陌生人的家里。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。A. favor帮助；B. defense防御；C. honor荣誉；D. absence缺席。根据上文“they feed pets and water plants in the homeowners”指在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的日子。A. plan计划；B. explain解释；C. compare比较；D. complete完成。

144、根据宾语“their trips”指计划旅行，应用plan。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的日子。A. buy购买；B. transport运输；C. choose选择；D. please取悦。根据上文“the pets that are sometimes difficult to”指某些宠物很难照管，故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。A. support支持；B. comfort舒适，安慰；C. control控制；D. attention注意力。结合

145、后文提到像住在朋友家，可见照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这就像住在朋友家一样，”Jessica说。A. cooking烹饪；B. staying停留；C. waiting等待；D. studying学习。根据后文“at a friends house”指像呆在朋友家，应用stay at。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。A. success成功；B. survival存活；C. growth生长；D. unemployment失业。根据后文“rate in ge

146、tting accepted as house sitters”可知此处指他们被接受为看房人的成功率，应用success。故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。A. budget预算；B. abilities能力；C. expectations期待；D. understanding理解。上文提到这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，是因为他们总是超出房主的预期，所以成功率才高。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A.

147、admiring钦佩；B. donating捐赠；C. sending发送；D. borrowing借来。根据后文“plenty of pictures of happy pets”指给房主发送宠物的照片。故选C。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. clean干净的；B. open开放的；C. simple简单的；D. empty空的。根据上文可知，他们的职责就是照看房子，所以要保持房子的清洁。故选A。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你要让房主觉得他们做了正确的决定，”她说。A. guess猜测；B. decision决定；C. response反应；D. impression印象。是房主选择了他们当看房人，所以是房主做了正确的决定，故选B。